NRNP 6566 WK1-5 Midterm Exam Questions & Answers |
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Terms in this set (38)
Describe cytochrome p450 system Cytochrome p450 system is a series of enzymes used to metabolize
medications
Inhibitors block metabolic activity from one or more CYP450 enzymes
Inducers increase CYP450 enzyme activity by increasing enzyme synthesis
Describe effect on low and high albumin levels on Albumin is the plasma protein with the greatest capacity for binding drugs.
active drug levels especially for drugs that are highly Binding plasma proteins affect drug distribution into tissues, because only drug
protein bound that is not bound is available to penetrate tissues, bind to receptors, and exert
activity. As free drug leaves the blood stream, more bound drug is released
from binding sites.
Low albumin levels malnutrition, chronic illness
Highly protein bound drugs can lead to toxicity in patients with low albumin levels, example malnutrition or chronic
illness. This is because there are fewer than the normal sites for the drug to bind
, Describe the ways the hepatic first pass effect- which is Alternative routes include:
metabolism during first pass through the liver suppository
intravenous
intramuscular
inhalational aerosol
transdermal
sublingual
These allow drugs to bypass the first-pass effect and be absorbed directly into
systemic circulation
Be able to calculate creatinine clearance using Male = 140-age times weight in kilograms divided by serum creatinine times 72.
Cockgraft Gault equation: Women = CRCL (male) times 0.85
Describe what determines the frequency of drug half life
administration plasma concentration
Be familiar with the beers criteria and how to use it Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults
to call attention to medications that are most commonly problematic and thus
should be avoided in older adults
Describe factors that affect absorption low blood state (shock or arrest), contact time with GI tract too fast (diarrhea =
cant absorb), delayed stomach emptying (large meal = delayed
absorption)Drug- to drug or drug to food interactions
Describe the factors that affect distribution low albumin levels, body composition, cardiac decompensation (heart failure),
age
Describe the factors that affect metabolism genetics, age, organ function
Describe factors that affect excretion affected by abnormal kidney or liver function, age, drug interactions
Define narrow therapeutic index. How would you Therapeutic index is the dose range of effiency of med is optimized while side
monitor a patient with a narrow therapeutic index? effects are minimized
Narrow therapeutic index drugs are defined as those drugs where small
differences in dose or blood concentration may lead to dose and blood
concentration dependant, serious therapeutic failures or adverse drug
reactions.
You will need to monitor blood tests to monitor blood concentrations and
dose adjustments accordingly.
100% Verified solutions |Questions with Correct Answers
2026 latest update!!
Leave the first rating
Save
Students also studied
Flashcard sets Study guides
Nurs 620 Maryville University Exam ... WGTC Biology 2114 Final Exam Lead Risk Assessor Les
Teacher 35 terms Teacher 174 terms Teacher 58 terms Te
sharontalia88 Preview laban_munyao Preview Nlechopwa Preview
Terms in this set (38)
Describe cytochrome p450 system Cytochrome p450 system is a series of enzymes used to metabolize
medications
Inhibitors block metabolic activity from one or more CYP450 enzymes
Inducers increase CYP450 enzyme activity by increasing enzyme synthesis
Describe effect on low and high albumin levels on Albumin is the plasma protein with the greatest capacity for binding drugs.
active drug levels especially for drugs that are highly Binding plasma proteins affect drug distribution into tissues, because only drug
protein bound that is not bound is available to penetrate tissues, bind to receptors, and exert
activity. As free drug leaves the blood stream, more bound drug is released
from binding sites.
Low albumin levels malnutrition, chronic illness
Highly protein bound drugs can lead to toxicity in patients with low albumin levels, example malnutrition or chronic
illness. This is because there are fewer than the normal sites for the drug to bind
, Describe the ways the hepatic first pass effect- which is Alternative routes include:
metabolism during first pass through the liver suppository
intravenous
intramuscular
inhalational aerosol
transdermal
sublingual
These allow drugs to bypass the first-pass effect and be absorbed directly into
systemic circulation
Be able to calculate creatinine clearance using Male = 140-age times weight in kilograms divided by serum creatinine times 72.
Cockgraft Gault equation: Women = CRCL (male) times 0.85
Describe what determines the frequency of drug half life
administration plasma concentration
Be familiar with the beers criteria and how to use it Potentially Inappropriate Medication Use in Older Adults
to call attention to medications that are most commonly problematic and thus
should be avoided in older adults
Describe factors that affect absorption low blood state (shock or arrest), contact time with GI tract too fast (diarrhea =
cant absorb), delayed stomach emptying (large meal = delayed
absorption)Drug- to drug or drug to food interactions
Describe the factors that affect distribution low albumin levels, body composition, cardiac decompensation (heart failure),
age
Describe the factors that affect metabolism genetics, age, organ function
Describe factors that affect excretion affected by abnormal kidney or liver function, age, drug interactions
Define narrow therapeutic index. How would you Therapeutic index is the dose range of effiency of med is optimized while side
monitor a patient with a narrow therapeutic index? effects are minimized
Narrow therapeutic index drugs are defined as those drugs where small
differences in dose or blood concentration may lead to dose and blood
concentration dependant, serious therapeutic failures or adverse drug
reactions.
You will need to monitor blood tests to monitor blood concentrations and
dose adjustments accordingly.
