NP 235 EVALUATION EXAM 2026 QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Secondary thrombocytosis - ✔✔caused by an ongoing condition or disease such as
anemia, cancer, inflammation, or infection
✔✔thrombocytopenia. - ✔✔When a person does not have enough platelets
Symptoms include easy bruising, and frequent bleeding from the gums, nose, or GI
tract. Platelet counts drops when something is preventing the body from producing
platelets
✔✔Causes of thrombocytopenia - ✔✔Medications
An inherited condition
Certain types of cancer, such as leukemia or lymphoma
Chemotherapy treatment for cancer
Kidney infection or dysfunction
Too much alcohol
✔✔Sodium (Na) - ✔✔helps the body keep fluids in a normal balance.
It plays a key role in normal nerve and muscle function.
✔✔sodium range - ✔✔Normal Range: 135 - 145 mEq/L
✔✔Sodium Deficiency (hyponatremia) - ✔✔Losing sodium quickly is a medical
emergency. It can cause loss of consciousness, seizures, and coma.
✔✔Common symptoms of low blood sodium (hyponatremia) - ✔✔Weakness
fatigue or low energy
headache
nausea
vomiting
muscle cramps or spasms
confusion
irritability
✔✔Sodium Overload (Hypernatremia) - ✔✔dehydration
severe, watery diarrhea
vomiting
fever
delirium or dementia
certain medications
poorly controlled diabetes
larger burn areas on the skin
kidney disease
, a rare condition known as diabetes insipidus
✔✔Common symptoms of high blood sodium (hypernatremia) include: - ✔✔confusion
neuromuscular excitability
hyperreflexia
seizures
coma
✔✔Potassium (K+) - ✔✔critical for the normal functioning of the muscles, heart, and
nerves.
It plays an important role in controlling activity of smooth muscle (such as the muscle
found in the digestive tract) and skeletal muscle (muscles of the extremities and torso),
as well as the muscles of the heart.
✔✔Potassium (K+) normal range - ✔✔Normal Range 3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L
✔✔Potassium-rich sources include: - ✔✔fruits, such as apricots, bananas, kiwi,
oranges, and pineapples
vegetables, such as leafy greens, carrots, and potatoes
lean meats
whole grains
beans and nuts
✔✔Potassium Deficiency (Hypokalemia) - ✔✔major causes include:
kidney disease
overuse of diuretics
excess sweating, diarrhea, and vomiting
magnesium deficiency
use of antibiotics, such as penicillin
✔✔Signs of a potassium deficiency include: - ✔✔extreme fatigue
muscle spasms, weakness, or cramping
irregular heartbeat
constipation, nausea, or vomiting
✔✔Potassium Overload (Hyperkalemia) - ✔✔Risk factors for overdose include:
taking too many potassium supplements
kidney disease
prolonged exercise
cocaine use
potassium-conserving diuretics
chemotherapy
diabetes
severe burns
SOLUTIONS GRADED A+
✔✔Secondary thrombocytosis - ✔✔caused by an ongoing condition or disease such as
anemia, cancer, inflammation, or infection
✔✔thrombocytopenia. - ✔✔When a person does not have enough platelets
Symptoms include easy bruising, and frequent bleeding from the gums, nose, or GI
tract. Platelet counts drops when something is preventing the body from producing
platelets
✔✔Causes of thrombocytopenia - ✔✔Medications
An inherited condition
Certain types of cancer, such as leukemia or lymphoma
Chemotherapy treatment for cancer
Kidney infection or dysfunction
Too much alcohol
✔✔Sodium (Na) - ✔✔helps the body keep fluids in a normal balance.
It plays a key role in normal nerve and muscle function.
✔✔sodium range - ✔✔Normal Range: 135 - 145 mEq/L
✔✔Sodium Deficiency (hyponatremia) - ✔✔Losing sodium quickly is a medical
emergency. It can cause loss of consciousness, seizures, and coma.
✔✔Common symptoms of low blood sodium (hyponatremia) - ✔✔Weakness
fatigue or low energy
headache
nausea
vomiting
muscle cramps or spasms
confusion
irritability
✔✔Sodium Overload (Hypernatremia) - ✔✔dehydration
severe, watery diarrhea
vomiting
fever
delirium or dementia
certain medications
poorly controlled diabetes
larger burn areas on the skin
kidney disease
, a rare condition known as diabetes insipidus
✔✔Common symptoms of high blood sodium (hypernatremia) include: - ✔✔confusion
neuromuscular excitability
hyperreflexia
seizures
coma
✔✔Potassium (K+) - ✔✔critical for the normal functioning of the muscles, heart, and
nerves.
It plays an important role in controlling activity of smooth muscle (such as the muscle
found in the digestive tract) and skeletal muscle (muscles of the extremities and torso),
as well as the muscles of the heart.
✔✔Potassium (K+) normal range - ✔✔Normal Range 3.5 - 5.0 mEq/L
✔✔Potassium-rich sources include: - ✔✔fruits, such as apricots, bananas, kiwi,
oranges, and pineapples
vegetables, such as leafy greens, carrots, and potatoes
lean meats
whole grains
beans and nuts
✔✔Potassium Deficiency (Hypokalemia) - ✔✔major causes include:
kidney disease
overuse of diuretics
excess sweating, diarrhea, and vomiting
magnesium deficiency
use of antibiotics, such as penicillin
✔✔Signs of a potassium deficiency include: - ✔✔extreme fatigue
muscle spasms, weakness, or cramping
irregular heartbeat
constipation, nausea, or vomiting
✔✔Potassium Overload (Hyperkalemia) - ✔✔Risk factors for overdose include:
taking too many potassium supplements
kidney disease
prolonged exercise
cocaine use
potassium-conserving diuretics
chemotherapy
diabetes
severe burns
