The Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) Approach
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Stresses the importance of variable relationships between supervisors and
each of their subordinates
Leaders form unique independent relationships with each subordinate
(dyads) in which the subordinate becomes a member of the leader's out-
group or in-group
The "Big Five" personality traits
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agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotionality, extraversion, openness
,social skill
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a person's ability to get along with others
Reinforcement Theory
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Positive reinforcement and Avoidance can be used to promote favorable
activity by rewards or withholding consequences
Punishment and Extinction weakens undesirable activity by employing
consequences or ignoring the activity all together
substitutes for leadership
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Subordinate, task, or organizational factors that decrease the importance
of a leader's influence; forces within the environment that supplant or
replace the influence of the leader
selective perception
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, the process of screening out information that we are uncomfortable with or
contradicts our beliefs
The "Great Man" Approach
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established the relationship between intelligence, self-confidence,
determination, integrity, and sociability and leaders
Variable Work Schedules
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-Compressed work schedule
-Flexible Work Schedules (flextime)
-Job Sharing
-Telecommuting
managing emotions
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a person's capacity to ensure that feelings do not interfere with getting
things accomplished
Give this one a try later!
Stresses the importance of variable relationships between supervisors and
each of their subordinates
Leaders form unique independent relationships with each subordinate
(dyads) in which the subordinate becomes a member of the leader's out-
group or in-group
The "Big Five" personality traits
Give this one a try later!
agreeableness, conscientiousness, emotionality, extraversion, openness
,social skill
Give this one a try later!
a person's ability to get along with others
Reinforcement Theory
Give this one a try later!
Positive reinforcement and Avoidance can be used to promote favorable
activity by rewards or withholding consequences
Punishment and Extinction weakens undesirable activity by employing
consequences or ignoring the activity all together
substitutes for leadership
Give this one a try later!
Subordinate, task, or organizational factors that decrease the importance
of a leader's influence; forces within the environment that supplant or
replace the influence of the leader
selective perception
Give this one a try later!
, the process of screening out information that we are uncomfortable with or
contradicts our beliefs
The "Great Man" Approach
Give this one a try later!
established the relationship between intelligence, self-confidence,
determination, integrity, and sociability and leaders
Variable Work Schedules
Give this one a try later!
-Compressed work schedule
-Flexible Work Schedules (flextime)
-Job Sharing
-Telecommuting
managing emotions
Give this one a try later!
a person's capacity to ensure that feelings do not interfere with getting
things accomplished
