UA BSC 108 EXAM TWO FULL SOLUTION
2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ Structure of a chloroplast. Answer: stroma, thylakoid membrane,
grana, inner and outer membrane
⩥ Chlorophyll molecules are embedded in the?. Answer: inner thylakoid
membrane
⩥ The primary function of plant pigments is?. Answer: to absorb solar
energy
⩥ What happens in light dependent reactions?. Answer: Energy from
sunlight is absorbed and converted into chemical energy (ATP)
⩥ Where do light dependent reactions take place?. Answer: thylakoid
membranes of chloroplasts
⩥ What is a light independent reaction called?. Answer: Calvin Cycle
,⩥ What happens in light independent reactions (Calvin Cycle)?. Answer:
Uses CO2 and the ATP and NADPH from light dependent reactions to
produce sugar/glucose.
⩥ In the Calvin Cycle, ATP is used to?. Answer: provide the energy for
sugar synthesis
⩥ In the Calvin Cycle, NADPH is used for?. Answer: electrons in the
reduction of carbon dioxide into sugar
⩥ Where do light independent reactions (Calvin Cycle) occur?. Answer:
the area in the chloroplast called the stroma
⩥ Leaves are green because?. Answer: chlorophyll molecules absorb
violet-blue and red light, but reflect or transmit green-yellow light
⩥ Process of light dependent reactions. Answer: chlorophyll absorbs
solar energy and ejects an electron, which is passed down an electron
chain, and water is split, releasing O2
⩥ Requirements for light dependent reactions. Answer: H2O, ADP, and
NADP+
⩥ Products for light-dependent reactions. Answer: O2 and the energy-
storing compounds ATP and NADH
, ⩥ Requirements for light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle). Answer:
ATP, NADPH, CO2, a five-carbon sugar called RuBP, and the enzyme
rubisco
⩥ Products for light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle). Answer:
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P), which can be used to make glucose
⩥ Carbon dioxide is fixed during?. Answer: The Calvin Cycle
⩥ How is C4 photosynthesis different from C3 photosynthesis?. Answer:
C3 photosynthesis produces a three-carbon compound via the Calvin
Cycle while C4 photosynthesis makes an intermediate four-carbon
compound that splits into a three-carbon compound for the Calvin Cycle
⩥ C3 Photosynthesis. Answer: The most common form of
photosynthesis- a one-stage process in which atmospheric CO2 is used
to form 3-phosphoglycerate, a three-carbon sugar
⩥ C4 photosynthesis. Answer: The two-stage photosynthetic pathway in
which CO2 is first fixed in mesophyll cells to form 4-carbon acids, and
then the 4-carbon acids are broken down into 3-carbon acids in the
bundle sheath cells
⩥ Examples of C4 plants. Answer: sugarcane and corn
2026 QUESTIONS WITH SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
⩥ Structure of a chloroplast. Answer: stroma, thylakoid membrane,
grana, inner and outer membrane
⩥ Chlorophyll molecules are embedded in the?. Answer: inner thylakoid
membrane
⩥ The primary function of plant pigments is?. Answer: to absorb solar
energy
⩥ What happens in light dependent reactions?. Answer: Energy from
sunlight is absorbed and converted into chemical energy (ATP)
⩥ Where do light dependent reactions take place?. Answer: thylakoid
membranes of chloroplasts
⩥ What is a light independent reaction called?. Answer: Calvin Cycle
,⩥ What happens in light independent reactions (Calvin Cycle)?. Answer:
Uses CO2 and the ATP and NADPH from light dependent reactions to
produce sugar/glucose.
⩥ In the Calvin Cycle, ATP is used to?. Answer: provide the energy for
sugar synthesis
⩥ In the Calvin Cycle, NADPH is used for?. Answer: electrons in the
reduction of carbon dioxide into sugar
⩥ Where do light independent reactions (Calvin Cycle) occur?. Answer:
the area in the chloroplast called the stroma
⩥ Leaves are green because?. Answer: chlorophyll molecules absorb
violet-blue and red light, but reflect or transmit green-yellow light
⩥ Process of light dependent reactions. Answer: chlorophyll absorbs
solar energy and ejects an electron, which is passed down an electron
chain, and water is split, releasing O2
⩥ Requirements for light dependent reactions. Answer: H2O, ADP, and
NADP+
⩥ Products for light-dependent reactions. Answer: O2 and the energy-
storing compounds ATP and NADH
, ⩥ Requirements for light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle). Answer:
ATP, NADPH, CO2, a five-carbon sugar called RuBP, and the enzyme
rubisco
⩥ Products for light-independent reactions (Calvin Cycle). Answer:
Glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (G3P), which can be used to make glucose
⩥ Carbon dioxide is fixed during?. Answer: The Calvin Cycle
⩥ How is C4 photosynthesis different from C3 photosynthesis?. Answer:
C3 photosynthesis produces a three-carbon compound via the Calvin
Cycle while C4 photosynthesis makes an intermediate four-carbon
compound that splits into a three-carbon compound for the Calvin Cycle
⩥ C3 Photosynthesis. Answer: The most common form of
photosynthesis- a one-stage process in which atmospheric CO2 is used
to form 3-phosphoglycerate, a three-carbon sugar
⩥ C4 photosynthesis. Answer: The two-stage photosynthetic pathway in
which CO2 is first fixed in mesophyll cells to form 4-carbon acids, and
then the 4-carbon acids are broken down into 3-carbon acids in the
bundle sheath cells
⩥ Examples of C4 plants. Answer: sugarcane and corn
