BIO 201- Midterm Exam Study Guide| Ques ons and
answers | Updated RATED A+ | NEW 2026
anatomy
study of the structure/morphology of the human body and its parts
physiology
study of the func ons of the human body and its parts
List the levels of organiza on from simplest to most complex.
subatomic par cles
atom
molecule
macro-molecule
organelle
cell
ssue
organ
organ system
organism
cell
-composed of organelles
-the basic units of structure and func on of the body
ssue
layer or mass of cells with specific func on
organ
group of different ssues with a func on
system/ organ system
group of organs with common func on
homeostasis
,maintenance of a stable internal environment
metabolism
all of the chemical reac ons in an organism that support life
posi ve feedback loop
-homeosta c mechanism
-response enhances or exaggerates original s mulus
-uncommon in body
-short lived
-examples are contrac ons in labor by oxytocin and platelet plug forma on+ blood clo"ng
nega ve feedback loop
-homeosta c mechanism
-most feedbacks in the body
-response reduces or shuts off original s mulus/ goes in opposite direc on
-examples are regula on of body temperature, regula on of blood glucose by insulin
Human life depends on what 5 environmental factors?
1) water
2) food
3) oxygen
4) heat
5) pressure
1) Water
-most abundant substance in body
- environment for metabolic processes
-required for transport of substance
-regula on of body temperature
2) Food
-provides necessary nutrients
-supplies energy
-supplies raw materials for building living ssue
3) Oxygen (gas)
, -one fi1h of air
-used to release energy from nutrients
4) Heat
-heat is a form of energy in out environment
- helps maintain body temperature
- partly controls rate of metabolic reac ons
5) Pressure
-applica on of force on an object
- atmospheric pressure// important for breathing
-hydrosta c pressure// keeps blood flowing
Iden fy the parts of a basic homeosta c mechanism.
1) receptor
2) control center
3) effector
1) receptor
detects and provides informa on about the s muli
2) control center
decision- maker that maintains the set point
3) effector
muscle or gland that responds to the control center and causes the necessary change in the
internal enviroment
Organ systems in the human body
-basic func ons and major organs
integumentary
skeletal
muscular
nervous
endocrine
cardiovascular
lympha c
diges ve respiratory
answers | Updated RATED A+ | NEW 2026
anatomy
study of the structure/morphology of the human body and its parts
physiology
study of the func ons of the human body and its parts
List the levels of organiza on from simplest to most complex.
subatomic par cles
atom
molecule
macro-molecule
organelle
cell
ssue
organ
organ system
organism
cell
-composed of organelles
-the basic units of structure and func on of the body
ssue
layer or mass of cells with specific func on
organ
group of different ssues with a func on
system/ organ system
group of organs with common func on
homeostasis
,maintenance of a stable internal environment
metabolism
all of the chemical reac ons in an organism that support life
posi ve feedback loop
-homeosta c mechanism
-response enhances or exaggerates original s mulus
-uncommon in body
-short lived
-examples are contrac ons in labor by oxytocin and platelet plug forma on+ blood clo"ng
nega ve feedback loop
-homeosta c mechanism
-most feedbacks in the body
-response reduces or shuts off original s mulus/ goes in opposite direc on
-examples are regula on of body temperature, regula on of blood glucose by insulin
Human life depends on what 5 environmental factors?
1) water
2) food
3) oxygen
4) heat
5) pressure
1) Water
-most abundant substance in body
- environment for metabolic processes
-required for transport of substance
-regula on of body temperature
2) Food
-provides necessary nutrients
-supplies energy
-supplies raw materials for building living ssue
3) Oxygen (gas)
, -one fi1h of air
-used to release energy from nutrients
4) Heat
-heat is a form of energy in out environment
- helps maintain body temperature
- partly controls rate of metabolic reac ons
5) Pressure
-applica on of force on an object
- atmospheric pressure// important for breathing
-hydrosta c pressure// keeps blood flowing
Iden fy the parts of a basic homeosta c mechanism.
1) receptor
2) control center
3) effector
1) receptor
detects and provides informa on about the s muli
2) control center
decision- maker that maintains the set point
3) effector
muscle or gland that responds to the control center and causes the necessary change in the
internal enviroment
Organ systems in the human body
-basic func ons and major organs
integumentary
skeletal
muscular
nervous
endocrine
cardiovascular
lympha c
diges ve respiratory
