NUR265 EXAM 1 FINAL TEST PAPER 2026 FULL
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS VERIFIED A+
◉ Describe peritoneal dialysis Answer: -Sterile procedure at home
where catheter is placed into the abdomen
-Wear a mask
-Solution may be warmed using a heating bag or blanket, not
microwave!
-Make sure patient turns and repositions to mix solution in the
cavity
◉ Describe nursing care for an AV fistula. Answer: -Palpate and
auscultate- bruit and thrill
-Distal pulses
-ROM- helps form the fistula
-Monitor for infection
-No heavy lifting or carrying
-No pressure
-Aneurysm can form at AV fistula site
◉ Describe dialysis disequilibrium syndrome Answer: -Life
threatening! (occurs if fluid is pulled off too fast)
,-S/S: restless, headache, decreased LOC, seizures, coma
-Call a rapid immediately
-Give barbiturates and anticonvulsants
◉ What is cirrhosis? Answer: An extensive, irreversible scarring of
the liver.
◉ What are common causes of cirrhosis? Answer: -ETOH
-Viral hepatitis (HEP C)
- Autoimmune hepatitis
-Drugs and chemicals (aetaminophen or anything else hepatotoxic)
◉ What are early S/S of cirrhosis? Answer: -Enlarged liver
-Fatigue
-Weight loss
-Anorexia
-N/V
-Abdominal pain
◉ What are end stage S/S of cirrhosis? Answer: -Ascites
-Small liver
-clotting disorder (bruising, GI bleed)
, -Jaundice
-Elevated ammonia levels (give Lactulose)
-Hepatic encephalopathy
-Decreased bile production
◉ What are the stages of hepatic encephalopathy? Answer: -Stage 1:
personality changes, subtle things that may not be recognized
-Stage 2: Continuing mental changes, mental confusion,
disorientation to time, place, and person
-Stage 3: Marked mental confusion, progressive deterioration
-Stage 4: metabolic acidosis, unresponsiveness leading to death in
most patients, unarousable
◉ What causes hepatic encephalopathy? Answer: The buildup of
ammonia in the body
◉ Describe the physical assessment of an end stage cirrhosis
patient. Answer: -Ascites
-Jaundice
-Coagulation problems
QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS VERIFIED A+
◉ Describe peritoneal dialysis Answer: -Sterile procedure at home
where catheter is placed into the abdomen
-Wear a mask
-Solution may be warmed using a heating bag or blanket, not
microwave!
-Make sure patient turns and repositions to mix solution in the
cavity
◉ Describe nursing care for an AV fistula. Answer: -Palpate and
auscultate- bruit and thrill
-Distal pulses
-ROM- helps form the fistula
-Monitor for infection
-No heavy lifting or carrying
-No pressure
-Aneurysm can form at AV fistula site
◉ Describe dialysis disequilibrium syndrome Answer: -Life
threatening! (occurs if fluid is pulled off too fast)
,-S/S: restless, headache, decreased LOC, seizures, coma
-Call a rapid immediately
-Give barbiturates and anticonvulsants
◉ What is cirrhosis? Answer: An extensive, irreversible scarring of
the liver.
◉ What are common causes of cirrhosis? Answer: -ETOH
-Viral hepatitis (HEP C)
- Autoimmune hepatitis
-Drugs and chemicals (aetaminophen or anything else hepatotoxic)
◉ What are early S/S of cirrhosis? Answer: -Enlarged liver
-Fatigue
-Weight loss
-Anorexia
-N/V
-Abdominal pain
◉ What are end stage S/S of cirrhosis? Answer: -Ascites
-Small liver
-clotting disorder (bruising, GI bleed)
, -Jaundice
-Elevated ammonia levels (give Lactulose)
-Hepatic encephalopathy
-Decreased bile production
◉ What are the stages of hepatic encephalopathy? Answer: -Stage 1:
personality changes, subtle things that may not be recognized
-Stage 2: Continuing mental changes, mental confusion,
disorientation to time, place, and person
-Stage 3: Marked mental confusion, progressive deterioration
-Stage 4: metabolic acidosis, unresponsiveness leading to death in
most patients, unarousable
◉ What causes hepatic encephalopathy? Answer: The buildup of
ammonia in the body
◉ Describe the physical assessment of an end stage cirrhosis
patient. Answer: -Ascites
-Jaundice
-Coagulation problems
