QUESTION SET PREMIUM RESOURCE
◉sources of heat loss. Answer: skin (primary source), evaporation of
sweat, warming and humidifying inspired air, eliminating urine and
feces
◉radiation. Answer: diffusion of heat by electromagnetic waves
(such as an uncovered head)
◉factors affecting body temp. Answer: -circadian rhythms
-age and gender
-physical activity
-state of health
-environmental temperature
◉pulse is regulated by what?. Answer: autonomic nervous system
through cardiac sinoatrial node
◉parasympathetic stimulation on pulse. Answer: decreases heart
rate
,◉sympathetic stimulation on pulse. Answer: increases heart rate
◉pulse rate. Answer: the number of contractions over a peripheral
artery in 1 minute
◉places you can record a pulse. Answer: temporal, carotid, brachial,
radial, femoral, popliteal, posterior tibial, dorsalis pedis
◉pulmonary ventilation. Answer: movement of air in and out of
lungs
◉diffusion. Answer: exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
between the alveoli of lungs and circulating blood
◉perfusion. Answer: exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide
between circulating blood and tissue cells
◉eupnea. Answer: normal, unlabored breathing, one respiration to
four heartbeats
◉tachypnea. Answer: increased respiratory rate; may occur in
response to increased metabolic rate
, ◉bradypnea. Answer: decreased respiratory rate; occurs in some
pathologic conditions
◉apnea. Answer: periods when no breathing occurs
◉dyspnea. Answer: difficult or labored breathing
◉orthopnea. Answer: changes in breathing when sitting or standing
◉assessing blood pressure. Answer: -listening for korotkoff sounds
w/ stethoscope
-first sound is systolic
-change or cessation of sound occurs: diastolic pressure
- brachial artery and popliteal artery are commonly used
◉major classifications of hypertension. Answer: -primary
(essential): characterized by an increase above normal in both
systolic and diastolic pressures
-secondary : caused by another disease condition like kidney
disease, aorta disorders, or adrenal cortex disorders
◉diuretics. Answer: used to increase urinary output