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Hordeolum - ANSWER ✓ Infection of meibomian glands (internal) or glands of
Zeis or Moll (external or stye) of eyelid
Treatment of hordeolum - ANSWER ✓ Warm compress May use topical anti-
infective ointment (erythromycin or bacitracin/polymyxin B) Refer if mass fails to
disappear after several weeks
Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP) - ANSWER ✓ Involves abnormal growth of
retinal vessels in incompletely vascularized retinas of premature infant
Ocular misalignment after age 4 months - ANSWER ✓ Considered suspicious
Child should be referred
Periorbital cellulitis - ANSWER ✓ Inflammation and infection of eyelids and
periorbital tissue Treatment: If concerned for MRSA use monotherapy of
clindamycin or combo with oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and amoxicillin or
amoxicillin-clavulanate, cefpodoxime, of cefdinir
Hyphema - ANSWER ✓ blood in the anterior chamber of the eye, refer to
ophthalmologist
Nasolacrimal duct obstruction (dacryostenosis) - ANSWER ✓ defect of lacrimal
drainage system resulting in blockage Treatment: Massage lacrimal sac several
times a day If secondarily infected treat with anti-infective Refer to
ophthalmologist if not resolved by 12 months of age
, Corneal abrasion - ANSWER ✓ Scratched, abraded, or denuded cornea, May see
uneven light reflection or cloudiness of cornea May see foreign body After staining
with fluorescein and using cobalt-blue light or Wood's lamp will see area of green
staining (persists with blinking) Decreased visual acuity Instill topical ophthalmic
anti infective ointment Patching not recommended
Allergic conjunctivitis clinical pearls - ANSWER ✓ • Cold compresses •
Lubricants • Topical antihistamines/decongestants/NSAIDs/mast cell stabilizers •
Systemic antihistamines Avoid rubbing eyes Handwashing Will last about 10-14
days
Bacterial conjunctivitis medications - ANSWER ✓ Erythromycin ophthalmic
ointment Trimethoprim-polymyxin B ophthalmic ointment or drops (Polytrim) >2
months old Moxifloxacin or Moxeza (>4 months old) Levofloxacin (>1 year old)
Treat conjunctivitis-otitis syndrome for otitis only, concurrent use of topical abx
not needed
Pneumonia treatment 3 months-5 years: - ANSWER ✓ amoxicillin 90mg/kg/d w
or w/o azithromycin for 7-10 days
Pneumonia treatment 5 or older: - ANSWER ✓ azithromycin or amoxicillin
90mg/kg/d for 7-10 days or penicillin G
Penicillin Allergy: - ANSWER ✓ 3rd generation cephalosporin (non type 1
reaction) Macrolides, levofloxacin, clindamycin
Physical findings of cystic fibrosis - ANSWER ✓ Wheezing and air trapping with
barrel chest Productive cough Crackles Increased WOB Nasal polyps, chronic
sinusitis Failure to thrive Hepatosplenomegaly Delayed puberty
Diagnostic tests/findings of CF - ANSWER ✓ Pilocarpine iontophoresis sweat
test (sweat chloride test) Genotyping
infectious mononucleosis caused by - ANSWER ✓ Epstein-Barr virus
developmental milestones 2 months - ANSWER ✓ social smile
developmental milestone 6 months - ANSWER ✓ sits
, developmental milestone 12 months - ANSWER ✓ walks
developmental milestone 2 years - ANSWER ✓ 2 word phrases
exposure and responsive prevention (ERP) - ANSWER ✓ gold standard for
OCD- exposure to obsession to prevent compulsion
cognitive behavioral therapy - ANSWER ✓
dialectal behavioral therapy - ANSWER ✓
therapeautic communication - ANSWER ✓ open ended questions, reflection,
silence, avoid why questions, false reassurance
schizophrenia - ANSWER ✓ greater than 6 months, positive: hallucinations,
delusions
schizopreniform - ANSWER ✓ 1-6 months
schizoaffective - ANSWER ✓ psychosis + mood disorder, psychosis without
mood symptoms for more than two weeks
schizotypal personality - ANSWER ✓ odd beliefs, magical thinking, NOT full
psychosis
theories of schizophrenia - ANSWER ✓ dopamine hypothesis, glutamate
hypothesis, neurodevelopmental
dopamine hypothesis - ANSWER ✓
glutamate hypothesis - ANSWER ✓
capgras syndrom - ANSWER ✓ belief loved one is an imposter
panic disorder - ANSWER ✓ recurrent panic attacks
social anxiety disorder - ANSWER ✓ fear of social scrutiny