[NSG 2050- Electrolytes Spring]
NSG 2050- Electrolytes
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d1bp09
1. Sodium king of the school
- rules the roost and regulates the school (most abundant and maintains fluid
balance)
- if in trouble, will act dumb
- can really get things into a fury and is influential
- kinda hormonal
2. Sodium largest extracellular electrolyte
3. Sodium - helps transmit impulses in nerve and muscle fibers throughout the body
- assists in acid-base balances by combining with bicarb
4. ADH, aldosterone two hormones responsible for regulating sodium
5. 135-145 sodium range is ________- _______ mEq/L and recommended daily intake is
2g/day
6. 280, diminishes, when serum Na+ decreases (H2O excess), serum osmolality falls <______
increases, ADH mOsm/kg, thus thirst ______ and intake _______, _______ release is suppressed,
renal H2O excretion increases, and serum osmolality normalizes
7. 300, increases, when serum Na+ increases (water deficit), serum osmolality rises to >_____
ADH mOsm/kg, thirst _______ and so does H2O intake, _______ release is increased,
renal excretion diminishes and serum osmolality normalizes
8. Hyponatremia - when sodium levels reach less than 135 mEq/L
- patients become symptomatic at <125 mEq/L
- severe condition at <110 mEq/L
9. Hyponatremia primary effects:
- cerebral edema (the cells swell, then the brain, causing seizures, coma, lethargy,
etc.)
- hypovolemia (tissues are dehydrated because all fluids are in the cells)
4/16/2026, 4:58:38 PM 4/16/2026,:58:36 PM 4/16/2026, 4:58:34 PM
, [NSG 2050- Electrolytes Spring]
NSG 2050- Electrolytes
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d1bp09
10. Hyponatremia Causes:
- SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate ADH)
- renal, heart, or liver failure (problems either excreting/diluting Na+)
- vomiting, diarrhea, gastric suctioning
- diuretic use
11. Hyponatremia symptoms:
1. neurological
- headache (early sign)
- change in LOC
- muscle twitching
- coma
- seizure
2. fluid deficits
- dry mucous membranes
- poor skin turgor
- weak, rapid pulse
- low and orthostatic BP
- hypotension
- "looks dehydrated"
3. fluid overload
- edema/weight gain
- rapid, bounding pulse
- HTN
12. Hyponatremia management:
- restore Na+ levels (Na+ supplements and high Na+ foods)
- restrict fluids
- correct cell swelling (isotonic/hypertonic IV fluids)
- keep pt safe (seizure precautions and neurological checks)
13. Hypernatremia
4/16/2026, 4:58:38 PM 4/16/2026,:58:36 PM 4/16/2026, 4:58:34 PM
NSG 2050- Electrolytes
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d1bp09
1. Sodium king of the school
- rules the roost and regulates the school (most abundant and maintains fluid
balance)
- if in trouble, will act dumb
- can really get things into a fury and is influential
- kinda hormonal
2. Sodium largest extracellular electrolyte
3. Sodium - helps transmit impulses in nerve and muscle fibers throughout the body
- assists in acid-base balances by combining with bicarb
4. ADH, aldosterone two hormones responsible for regulating sodium
5. 135-145 sodium range is ________- _______ mEq/L and recommended daily intake is
2g/day
6. 280, diminishes, when serum Na+ decreases (H2O excess), serum osmolality falls <______
increases, ADH mOsm/kg, thus thirst ______ and intake _______, _______ release is suppressed,
renal H2O excretion increases, and serum osmolality normalizes
7. 300, increases, when serum Na+ increases (water deficit), serum osmolality rises to >_____
ADH mOsm/kg, thirst _______ and so does H2O intake, _______ release is increased,
renal excretion diminishes and serum osmolality normalizes
8. Hyponatremia - when sodium levels reach less than 135 mEq/L
- patients become symptomatic at <125 mEq/L
- severe condition at <110 mEq/L
9. Hyponatremia primary effects:
- cerebral edema (the cells swell, then the brain, causing seizures, coma, lethargy,
etc.)
- hypovolemia (tissues are dehydrated because all fluids are in the cells)
4/16/2026, 4:58:38 PM 4/16/2026,:58:36 PM 4/16/2026, 4:58:34 PM
, [NSG 2050- Electrolytes Spring]
NSG 2050- Electrolytes
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_d1bp09
10. Hyponatremia Causes:
- SIADH (syndrome of inappropriate ADH)
- renal, heart, or liver failure (problems either excreting/diluting Na+)
- vomiting, diarrhea, gastric suctioning
- diuretic use
11. Hyponatremia symptoms:
1. neurological
- headache (early sign)
- change in LOC
- muscle twitching
- coma
- seizure
2. fluid deficits
- dry mucous membranes
- poor skin turgor
- weak, rapid pulse
- low and orthostatic BP
- hypotension
- "looks dehydrated"
3. fluid overload
- edema/weight gain
- rapid, bounding pulse
- HTN
12. Hyponatremia management:
- restore Na+ levels (Na+ supplements and high Na+ foods)
- restrict fluids
- correct cell swelling (isotonic/hypertonic IV fluids)
- keep pt safe (seizure precautions and neurological checks)
13. Hypernatremia
4/16/2026, 4:58:38 PM 4/16/2026,:58:36 PM 4/16/2026, 4:58:34 PM
