NSG 252 – Test 4 – nursing exam review guide

Latest NSG 252 - Test 4 (Answer Guide)



Transient ischemic attack (TIA) aka "mini stroke" - biggest warning sign of impending stroke


clot temporarily blocks blood flow + impairs neuro function


sudden onset + doesn't last long usually less than an hour


temporary:
hemiplegia (paralysis) or hemiparesis (weakness)
speech problems
Vision or balance changes




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,Latest NSG 252 - Test 4 (Answer Guide)


TIA tx PREVENTING FUTURE STROKES:


meds:
- antiplatelets
- anticoags for AFIB (WAIT to start until 48+hrs)


procedures to prevent clot formation:
Carotid endarterectomy - surgical removal of plaque
Balloon angioplasty - to open narrowed arteries
Stenting



lifestyle:
BP control, blood glucose control
Lowering serum lipid levels
stop smoking


ischemic stroke when a clot blocks blood flow to area of brain tissue


GRADUAL onset
WARNING signs - TIA


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,Latest NSG 252 - Test 4 (Answer Guide)


2 types of ischemic stroke thrombotic:
clot forms IN cerebral artery
gradual onset
WARNING SIGNS - TIA


causes - atherosclerosis/hypercoagulability



embolic:
clot forms OUTSIDE cerebral artery + travels there
sudden + severe onset


causes - AFIB, MI




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, Latest NSG 252 - Test 4 (Answer Guide)


ischemic stroke tx acute tx same for both thrombotic + embolic


airway + neuro assessment


STAT CT to see if it's ischemic or hemorrhagic
labs - CBC, lactic, glucose (bc hypoglycemia can mimic
stroke), metabolic


TPA IF they meet criteria


if they CAN'T get TPA:
keep BP below 220/120 mm Hg until
mechanical thrombectomy to remove clot (within 24 hrs)
then keep BP below SBP 160




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