NSG 170 Test 2 – nursing hematology exam review

NSG 170 TEST #2
Latest NSG 170 TEST #2 (Answer Guide)

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1. 4 things that affect per- preload
fusion afterload
contractility
cardiac output

2. Preload volume of blood in ventricles at end of diastole (just before the contrac-
tion begins)

3. Clinical situations that HF, fluid overload, renal failure, mitral regurgitation, pregnancy.
can increase preload

4. Clinical situations that hypovolemic shock, vasodilation, blood loss, severe burns, Vasodilators:
decrease preload Nitroglycerin, ACE inhibitors, and ARBs.

5. Preload affects: SV and cardiac output

6. Afterload: The resistance that the ventricle must overcome to eject blood

7. Clinical situations that HTN ( most common), Aortic stenosis, vasoconstriction, structural ab-
increase afterload: normalities, increased blood viscosity, sympathetic nervous system ac-
tivation

8. Clinical situations that Septic Shock, Anaphylaxis, Antihypertensives (Vasodilators), Ace in-
decrease afterload: hibitors, ARBs, Calcium Channel Blockers, Vasodilators, Nitroglycerin,
and Aortic valve regurgitation.

9. Afterload Effects: BP and cardiac output

10. Contractility the heart's pumping strength

11. Clinical Situations that SNS activation, exercise, sepsis, MEDS: dopamine, epinephrine, and
increase contractility dobutamine.
Hypercalcemia.



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, NSG 170 TEST #2
Latest NSG 170 TEST #2 (Answer Guide)

Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ixzosm

12. Clinical situations that MI, HF, Cardiomyopathy, severe hypoxia, Respiratory acidosis, HYPER-
decrease contractility kalemia, HYPOcalcemia, and HYPERmagnesemia.
MEDS: BETABLOCKERS (METAPROLOL), and CALCIUM CHANNEL
BLOCKERS NON-DHP ( VERAPAMIL)

13. Cardiac output the amount of blood pumped out the heart/minute

14. Clinical situations that Exercise, early sepsis, hyperthyroidism, Dobutamine, and Epinephrine
increase cardiac output

15. Clinical situations that MI, HF, hypovolemia, and severe bradycardia
decrease cardiac output

16. contractility is mea- The ejection fraction of blood ejected with each beat
sured by

17. Cardiac Output Formula SV x HR

18. BP= CO x SVR(Cardiac Output x Systemic Vascular Resistance)

19. __________ have the ARTERIES
most smooth muscle
making them the most
responsive to sympa-
thetic stimulation

20. What receptors contin- baroreceptors
uously monitor BP

21. When BP drops, what vasoconstriction occurs, increased HR, increased contractility
happens?

22. RAAS provides intermediate to long term control of BPRenin -> Ang I -> Ang
II


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, NSG 170 TEST #2
Latest NSG 170 TEST #2 (Answer Guide)

Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ixzosm

23. Angiotensin II potent vasoconstrictorstimulates aldosterone release promotes sodium
and water retention

24. increased blood volume increased BP
=

25. Renal system helps reg- controlling fluid volume and activating RAAS
ulate BP by

26. Natriuretic peptides, sodium and water excretion
ANP and BNP, promote:

27. Measure _____ in HF pa- BNP
tients

28. Increased BNP levels in- fluid retention (correlates with mortality risk)
dicate?

29. What does the vascular dilates, constricts and has microvascular control
endothelium do?

30. Why does systolic BP in- arterial stiffening and loss of vessel elasticity
crease?

31. Diastolic BP rises until 50
age ___ and then it be-
gins to decline

32. A difference of 10 Cardiovascular disease
mmHG between arms
may indicate?

33. NORM BP 120/80 mmHg



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