PCA WEEDS EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS (LATEST)
Summer Annual Weeds
Emerge in the spring or early summer, grow during the summer,
produce seed in mid to late summer, and are killed by frost in
fall/early winter.
Winter Annual Weeds
Typically emerge late summer or fall, survive through the winter by
growing into small rosettes, then resume their growth and produce
seeds in late spring or early summer the following year.
Perennials
Plants that live 3 or more years, repeating the vegetative growth and
reproductive cycles each year.
Biennials
Angiosperms that complete their life cycle in two years, usually don't
flower or reproduce until the second season.
Dicot
angiosperm with two cotyledons inside its seed, flower parts in
multiples of four or five, and vascular bundles in rings
Monocot
angiosperm with one seed leaf in its ovary
cotyledon
first leaf or first pair of leaves produced by the embryo of a seed plant
first true leaves
,primary leaves
collar region
Region consisting, leaf blade, leaf sheath, auricles (if present), a
ligule, and connective collar
Leaf blade
flattened part of leaf
Node
point where one or more leaves are attached
Internode
A segment of a plant stem between the points where leaves are
attached.
leaf sheath
the base of a leaf that wraps around the stem; typical in grasses and
some other monocots.
Petiole
The stalk of a leaf, which joins the leaf to a node of the stem.
Auricle
Claw like appendages on collar
Ligule
A membranous or hairy structure on the inside of a leaf at the junction
of the leaf blade and sheath
Awn
bristlelike appendage of certain grasses
Hypocotyl
, The part of a plant embryo directly below the cotyledons, forming a
connection with the radicle.
inflorescence
flowering part of a plant
coleoptile
The covering of the young shoot of the embryo of a grass seed.
Tuber
specialized food-storage stem that grows underground
rhizome
a horizontal, underground stem that produces new leaves, shoots, and
roots (rootstock)
stolons/runners
horizontal, above the ground stems; asexual reproduction, new plants
arise from stolons
Bulbs
the round parts of some plants that are underground
Weeds that are poisonous to animals
Jimsonweed, nightshades, common groundsel, coast fiddleneck,
yellow starthistle
Vegetative propagule
Any of various structures that can give rise to a new individual
organism, especially parts of a plant that serve as means of vegetative
reproduction, such as corms, tubers, offsets, or runners. Seeds and
spores are also propagules.
List information that needs to be recorded when monitoring for
weeds
AND ANSWERS (LATEST)
Summer Annual Weeds
Emerge in the spring or early summer, grow during the summer,
produce seed in mid to late summer, and are killed by frost in
fall/early winter.
Winter Annual Weeds
Typically emerge late summer or fall, survive through the winter by
growing into small rosettes, then resume their growth and produce
seeds in late spring or early summer the following year.
Perennials
Plants that live 3 or more years, repeating the vegetative growth and
reproductive cycles each year.
Biennials
Angiosperms that complete their life cycle in two years, usually don't
flower or reproduce until the second season.
Dicot
angiosperm with two cotyledons inside its seed, flower parts in
multiples of four or five, and vascular bundles in rings
Monocot
angiosperm with one seed leaf in its ovary
cotyledon
first leaf or first pair of leaves produced by the embryo of a seed plant
first true leaves
,primary leaves
collar region
Region consisting, leaf blade, leaf sheath, auricles (if present), a
ligule, and connective collar
Leaf blade
flattened part of leaf
Node
point where one or more leaves are attached
Internode
A segment of a plant stem between the points where leaves are
attached.
leaf sheath
the base of a leaf that wraps around the stem; typical in grasses and
some other monocots.
Petiole
The stalk of a leaf, which joins the leaf to a node of the stem.
Auricle
Claw like appendages on collar
Ligule
A membranous or hairy structure on the inside of a leaf at the junction
of the leaf blade and sheath
Awn
bristlelike appendage of certain grasses
Hypocotyl
, The part of a plant embryo directly below the cotyledons, forming a
connection with the radicle.
inflorescence
flowering part of a plant
coleoptile
The covering of the young shoot of the embryo of a grass seed.
Tuber
specialized food-storage stem that grows underground
rhizome
a horizontal, underground stem that produces new leaves, shoots, and
roots (rootstock)
stolons/runners
horizontal, above the ground stems; asexual reproduction, new plants
arise from stolons
Bulbs
the round parts of some plants that are underground
Weeds that are poisonous to animals
Jimsonweed, nightshades, common groundsel, coast fiddleneck,
yellow starthistle
Vegetative propagule
Any of various structures that can give rise to a new individual
organism, especially parts of a plant that serve as means of vegetative
reproduction, such as corms, tubers, offsets, or runners. Seeds and
spores are also propagules.
List information that needs to be recorded when monitoring for
weeds
