PSY 263 TRAINING STUDY SHEET 2026
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉I-dopa. Answer: intermediate precursor for dopamine is used to
treat Parkinson's disease
synthesis
◉precursor. Answer: increasing levels of precursors increase the
amount of neurotransmitter and (released). This increases the effect
on post-synaptic cell
other way around -
diet low in tryptophan or free of it can cause a decrease in serotonin,
therefore reducing the amount of message)
if a human being is given a tryptophan diet, there will be a lowering
of mood and sleep disturbances
sythesis
,◉reserpine. Answer: makes vesicles of transmitter leaky allows
degradation of monoamine transmitters in cytoplasm
storage
◉monoamine neurotransmitters. Answer: dopamine,
norepinephrine, epinephrine, serotonin
storage
◉release. Answer: under normal circumstances we get a release
when action potentials are generated and the neurotransmitters
flow down the axon terminal and are released
some releases do not require releases
◉Reuptake. Answer: amphetamine, cocaine, methylphenidate (all
re-uptake inhibitors they interact with the pump on the cell wall
taking transmitter from the synapse and putting it back into the
cytoplasm
Zoloft is an inhibitor
block reuptake of monoamine transmitters
,◉inactive degradation. Answer: block reuptake; stop breaking down
serotonin
ex. monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) - first anti-depressant
drugs inhibit enzyme that degrades monoamine transmitters
◉receptor interaciton. Answer: review ionotropic and metabotropic
receptors
◉ionotropic receptor. Answer: a receptor on a neuron membrane
that opens ion channels directly and immediately to produce quick
reactions
◉metabotropic receptor. Answer: a receptor on a neuron membrane
that open ion channels slowly through a metabolic process and
produces lone-lasting effects
◉ligand. Answer: A molecule that binds specifically to a receptor site
of another molecule.
has affinity - capability of binding to receptors
, ◉direct agonists. Answer: binds and mimics effect (efficacy) of
neurotransmitter; also has affinity.
◉affinity. Answer: can fit in the lock, but cannot open the receptor
◉efficacy. Answer: can fit into the receptor and open it
◉agonist. Answer: any substance that mimics or enhances the effect
of a neurotransmitter
◉antagonist. Answer: any substance that reduces the effect of a
neurotransmitter
◉antagonist.... Answer: has affinity and lacks efficacy
binds but does not have an effect (prevents transmitter action) - sits
in receptor does not cause an effect but keeps a neurotransmitter
from effecting.
ex. Chantix - think of the picture and discussion from the review
session
UPDATED QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉I-dopa. Answer: intermediate precursor for dopamine is used to
treat Parkinson's disease
synthesis
◉precursor. Answer: increasing levels of precursors increase the
amount of neurotransmitter and (released). This increases the effect
on post-synaptic cell
other way around -
diet low in tryptophan or free of it can cause a decrease in serotonin,
therefore reducing the amount of message)
if a human being is given a tryptophan diet, there will be a lowering
of mood and sleep disturbances
sythesis
,◉reserpine. Answer: makes vesicles of transmitter leaky allows
degradation of monoamine transmitters in cytoplasm
storage
◉monoamine neurotransmitters. Answer: dopamine,
norepinephrine, epinephrine, serotonin
storage
◉release. Answer: under normal circumstances we get a release
when action potentials are generated and the neurotransmitters
flow down the axon terminal and are released
some releases do not require releases
◉Reuptake. Answer: amphetamine, cocaine, methylphenidate (all
re-uptake inhibitors they interact with the pump on the cell wall
taking transmitter from the synapse and putting it back into the
cytoplasm
Zoloft is an inhibitor
block reuptake of monoamine transmitters
,◉inactive degradation. Answer: block reuptake; stop breaking down
serotonin
ex. monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) - first anti-depressant
drugs inhibit enzyme that degrades monoamine transmitters
◉receptor interaciton. Answer: review ionotropic and metabotropic
receptors
◉ionotropic receptor. Answer: a receptor on a neuron membrane
that opens ion channels directly and immediately to produce quick
reactions
◉metabotropic receptor. Answer: a receptor on a neuron membrane
that open ion channels slowly through a metabolic process and
produces lone-lasting effects
◉ligand. Answer: A molecule that binds specifically to a receptor site
of another molecule.
has affinity - capability of binding to receptors
, ◉direct agonists. Answer: binds and mimics effect (efficacy) of
neurotransmitter; also has affinity.
◉affinity. Answer: can fit in the lock, but cannot open the receptor
◉efficacy. Answer: can fit into the receptor and open it
◉agonist. Answer: any substance that mimics or enhances the effect
of a neurotransmitter
◉antagonist. Answer: any substance that reduces the effect of a
neurotransmitter
◉antagonist.... Answer: has affinity and lacks efficacy
binds but does not have an effect (prevents transmitter action) - sits
in receptor does not cause an effect but keeps a neurotransmitter
from effecting.
ex. Chantix - think of the picture and discussion from the review
session
