WGU D311 MICROBIOLOGY UPDATED QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS MARKED A+
✔✔A physician selects the antibiotic azithromycin for an adult patient with bacterial
pneumonia, based on knowledge of the bacteria that commonly cause pneumonia.
Which public health factor should the physician consider when selecting the antibiotic
for this patient? - ✔✔A review of practice medical records for similarly affected patients
reveals that azithromycin has been 90% successful for the treatment of pneumonia.
✔✔A litter of kittens arrives at an animal shelter, and the kittens have various multifocal,
raised, minimally haired skin lesions. The attending veterinarian believes these lesions
are suggestive of ringworm.
What can the veterinarian do to prevent an outbreak of ringworm among cats in the
shelter? - ✔✔Isolate the kittens from other animals because dogs and cats are
susceptible to ringworm
✔✔Approximately 40% of people receive the inactivated form of the influenza virus
vaccine annually.
What does this fact imply regarding public health? - ✔✔The value of influenza virus
vaccination for everyone could be better communicated to the public.
✔✔The label for one of the influenza virus vaccines states that the vaccine is "indicated
for active immunization for the prevention of disease caused by influenza A subtype
viruses and type B viruses contained in the vaccine" (U.S. Food and Drug
Administration).
Which impact can this have on public health? - ✔✔The vaccine will protect vaccinated
people from an influenza virus that undergoes antigenic drift.
✔✔Smallpox is a highly contagious, fatal disease that has been eradicated since 1980.
The smallpox vaccine contains a poxvirus similar to the virus that causes smallpox.
Why does the vaccine contain a virus similar to the one that causes smallpox rather
than one that contains the actual virus that causes smallpox? - ✔✔The similar poxvirus
does not cause a smallpox infection, whereas the actual virus does.
✔✔Which statement describes prokaryotic cells? - ✔✔Prokaryotic cells are found in
coccus form in both pairs and clusters.
✔✔Which statement describes eukaryotic cells? - ✔✔The nuclei of eukaryotic cells are
surrounded by complex nuclear membranes.
✔✔Which statement describes eukaryotic flagella? - ✔✔Eukaryotic flagella are flexible,
whip-like structures.
, ✔✔Which statement describes the endomembrane system? - ✔✔It includes the Golgi
apparatus, lysosomes, and vesicles.
✔✔Which statement accurately describes similarities between protozoa and fungi? -
✔✔Both can be harmful or harmless depending on the context.
✔✔Why are algae considered photosynthetic organisms? - ✔✔Algae produce chemical
energy from the sun's light energy.
✔✔Why are plasmids important to the survival of organisms? - ✔✔Plasmids carry
genetic material, apart from the genome, that can benefit the organism
✔✔Which statement describes bacteria? - ✔✔Some bacteria have cell walls composed
of mycolic acid.
✔✔Which aspect of nutrient cycling is performed only by prokaryotes? - ✔✔Nitrogen
fixation
✔✔Which microbial process is useful in the production of alcoholic beverages? -
✔✔Glucose fermentation
✔✔How does microbial bioremediation benefit the environment? - ✔✔By helping to
metabolize and remove pollutants in the atmosphere
✔✔How is penicillin classified? - ✔✔As a natural antibiotic
✔✔What describes the relationship of pathogens to virulence? - ✔✔Highly virulent
pathogens almost always lead to a disease state when introduced to the body.
✔✔What is the key difference between a primary pathogen and an opportunistic
pathogen? - ✔✔Primary pathogens can infect anyone, whereas opportunistic pathogens
can cause disease if the host is immunocompromised.
✔✔How can disease expression be described? - ✔✔Signs and symptoms associated
with illness can be a result of many things, including an immune response.
✔✔What is the correct understanding of the median infectious dose? - ✔✔It is the
number of pathogenic cells required to cause active infection in 50% of inoculated
animals.
correct
✔✔Which structure aids in the evasion of phagocytosis by preventing immune cells
from adhering to pathogens? - ✔✔Capsule
ANSWERS MARKED A+
✔✔A physician selects the antibiotic azithromycin for an adult patient with bacterial
pneumonia, based on knowledge of the bacteria that commonly cause pneumonia.
Which public health factor should the physician consider when selecting the antibiotic
for this patient? - ✔✔A review of practice medical records for similarly affected patients
reveals that azithromycin has been 90% successful for the treatment of pneumonia.
✔✔A litter of kittens arrives at an animal shelter, and the kittens have various multifocal,
raised, minimally haired skin lesions. The attending veterinarian believes these lesions
are suggestive of ringworm.
What can the veterinarian do to prevent an outbreak of ringworm among cats in the
shelter? - ✔✔Isolate the kittens from other animals because dogs and cats are
susceptible to ringworm
✔✔Approximately 40% of people receive the inactivated form of the influenza virus
vaccine annually.
What does this fact imply regarding public health? - ✔✔The value of influenza virus
vaccination for everyone could be better communicated to the public.
✔✔The label for one of the influenza virus vaccines states that the vaccine is "indicated
for active immunization for the prevention of disease caused by influenza A subtype
viruses and type B viruses contained in the vaccine" (U.S. Food and Drug
Administration).
Which impact can this have on public health? - ✔✔The vaccine will protect vaccinated
people from an influenza virus that undergoes antigenic drift.
✔✔Smallpox is a highly contagious, fatal disease that has been eradicated since 1980.
The smallpox vaccine contains a poxvirus similar to the virus that causes smallpox.
Why does the vaccine contain a virus similar to the one that causes smallpox rather
than one that contains the actual virus that causes smallpox? - ✔✔The similar poxvirus
does not cause a smallpox infection, whereas the actual virus does.
✔✔Which statement describes prokaryotic cells? - ✔✔Prokaryotic cells are found in
coccus form in both pairs and clusters.
✔✔Which statement describes eukaryotic cells? - ✔✔The nuclei of eukaryotic cells are
surrounded by complex nuclear membranes.
✔✔Which statement describes eukaryotic flagella? - ✔✔Eukaryotic flagella are flexible,
whip-like structures.
, ✔✔Which statement describes the endomembrane system? - ✔✔It includes the Golgi
apparatus, lysosomes, and vesicles.
✔✔Which statement accurately describes similarities between protozoa and fungi? -
✔✔Both can be harmful or harmless depending on the context.
✔✔Why are algae considered photosynthetic organisms? - ✔✔Algae produce chemical
energy from the sun's light energy.
✔✔Why are plasmids important to the survival of organisms? - ✔✔Plasmids carry
genetic material, apart from the genome, that can benefit the organism
✔✔Which statement describes bacteria? - ✔✔Some bacteria have cell walls composed
of mycolic acid.
✔✔Which aspect of nutrient cycling is performed only by prokaryotes? - ✔✔Nitrogen
fixation
✔✔Which microbial process is useful in the production of alcoholic beverages? -
✔✔Glucose fermentation
✔✔How does microbial bioremediation benefit the environment? - ✔✔By helping to
metabolize and remove pollutants in the atmosphere
✔✔How is penicillin classified? - ✔✔As a natural antibiotic
✔✔What describes the relationship of pathogens to virulence? - ✔✔Highly virulent
pathogens almost always lead to a disease state when introduced to the body.
✔✔What is the key difference between a primary pathogen and an opportunistic
pathogen? - ✔✔Primary pathogens can infect anyone, whereas opportunistic pathogens
can cause disease if the host is immunocompromised.
✔✔How can disease expression be described? - ✔✔Signs and symptoms associated
with illness can be a result of many things, including an immune response.
✔✔What is the correct understanding of the median infectious dose? - ✔✔It is the
number of pathogenic cells required to cause active infection in 50% of inoculated
animals.
correct
✔✔Which structure aids in the evasion of phagocytosis by preventing immune cells
from adhering to pathogens? - ✔✔Capsule
