CPOA UPDATED FINAL PAPER QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
MARKED A+
✔✔tarsal plate - ✔✔Fibrous layer that gives the lids shape, strength, and place for
muscle attachment
✔✔Meibomian glands - ✔✔lie within the tarsal plate with ducts that open onto eyelids.
Secret oil that enables airtight closure of lids. Infection called chalazion.
✔✔Chalazion - ✔✔obstruction of an oil gland of the eyelid
✔✔orbicularis oculi - ✔✔closes the eyelids. innervated by CN 7
✔✔levator palpebrae - ✔✔opens the eye. innervated by CN 3
✔✔Conjunctiva - ✔✔Thin mucus membrane, lines inner surface of both eyelids
Starts at the edge of the cornea(limbus) and flows back behind the eye, loops forward,
and forms inside surface of the eyelids
✔✔What are the 3 layers of the eyeball? - ✔✔1. fibrous tunic:sclera and cornea
2. vascular tunic: choroid, ciliary body, iris
3. internal/neural tunic: retina
✔✔Cornea - ✔✔The transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and
anterior chamber. The cornea, with the anterior chamber and lens, refracts light, with
the cornea accounting for approximately two-thirds (majority) of the eye's total optical
power.
5 layers: epithelium, bowman's, stroma, descemet's membrane, endothelium
✔✔What contributes to the production of aqueous humor? - ✔✔the ciliary body
✔✔Retina - ✔✔pigmented layer that contains photoreceptors. Receives visual images,
analyzes them, and transmits then to the brain.
✔✔Ora serrata - ✔✔the serrated junction between the retina and the ciliary body
✔✔Pathway of light in the eye - ✔✔absorbed by pigmented layer-->rods/cones--
>bipolar cells-->ganglion cells
✔✔Layers of the lens - ✔✔Capsule, Cortex, Nucleus
✔✔Zonules - ✔✔Holds capsule in place with suspensory ligaments that are connected
to the ciliary body
, ✔✔How can the eye be divided/organized? - ✔✔Into 2 cavities: Anterior and Posterior
into 3 chambers: Anterior, Posterior, and Vitreous chamber
✔✔aqueous humor - ✔✔The transparent, watery fluid similar to plasma, but containing
low protein concentrations. It is secreted from the ciliary epithelium, a structure
supporting the lens.
✔✔Vitreous Humor - ✔✔transparent gelatinous fluid produced by the non-pigmented
ciliary body. Holds up retina and maintains eye shape
✔✔Superior oblique - ✔✔depresses eye and turns it laterally
O: sphenoid bone
I: sclera
CN: 4
✔✔Inferior oblique - ✔✔elevates eye and turns it laterally
O: orbital floor
I: sclera
CN: 3
✔✔Superior rectus - ✔✔elevates eye and turns it medially
O: common tendinous ring
I: sclera
CN: 3
✔✔Inferior rectus - ✔✔depresses eye and turns it medially
O: common tendinous ring
I: sclera
CN: 3
✔✔Medial rectus - ✔✔Function: moves eyeball medially
O: common tendinous ring
I: sclera
CN: 3
✔✔Superior rectus - ✔✔O: common tendinous ring
I: sclera
CN: 3
Function: Elevate and medially rotate eyeball
✔✔Afferent pupillary defect - ✔✔decreased direct response caused by decreased
visual function in one eye.
pupil dilates in response to light
MARKED A+
✔✔tarsal plate - ✔✔Fibrous layer that gives the lids shape, strength, and place for
muscle attachment
✔✔Meibomian glands - ✔✔lie within the tarsal plate with ducts that open onto eyelids.
Secret oil that enables airtight closure of lids. Infection called chalazion.
✔✔Chalazion - ✔✔obstruction of an oil gland of the eyelid
✔✔orbicularis oculi - ✔✔closes the eyelids. innervated by CN 7
✔✔levator palpebrae - ✔✔opens the eye. innervated by CN 3
✔✔Conjunctiva - ✔✔Thin mucus membrane, lines inner surface of both eyelids
Starts at the edge of the cornea(limbus) and flows back behind the eye, loops forward,
and forms inside surface of the eyelids
✔✔What are the 3 layers of the eyeball? - ✔✔1. fibrous tunic:sclera and cornea
2. vascular tunic: choroid, ciliary body, iris
3. internal/neural tunic: retina
✔✔Cornea - ✔✔The transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and
anterior chamber. The cornea, with the anterior chamber and lens, refracts light, with
the cornea accounting for approximately two-thirds (majority) of the eye's total optical
power.
5 layers: epithelium, bowman's, stroma, descemet's membrane, endothelium
✔✔What contributes to the production of aqueous humor? - ✔✔the ciliary body
✔✔Retina - ✔✔pigmented layer that contains photoreceptors. Receives visual images,
analyzes them, and transmits then to the brain.
✔✔Ora serrata - ✔✔the serrated junction between the retina and the ciliary body
✔✔Pathway of light in the eye - ✔✔absorbed by pigmented layer-->rods/cones--
>bipolar cells-->ganglion cells
✔✔Layers of the lens - ✔✔Capsule, Cortex, Nucleus
✔✔Zonules - ✔✔Holds capsule in place with suspensory ligaments that are connected
to the ciliary body
, ✔✔How can the eye be divided/organized? - ✔✔Into 2 cavities: Anterior and Posterior
into 3 chambers: Anterior, Posterior, and Vitreous chamber
✔✔aqueous humor - ✔✔The transparent, watery fluid similar to plasma, but containing
low protein concentrations. It is secreted from the ciliary epithelium, a structure
supporting the lens.
✔✔Vitreous Humor - ✔✔transparent gelatinous fluid produced by the non-pigmented
ciliary body. Holds up retina and maintains eye shape
✔✔Superior oblique - ✔✔depresses eye and turns it laterally
O: sphenoid bone
I: sclera
CN: 4
✔✔Inferior oblique - ✔✔elevates eye and turns it laterally
O: orbital floor
I: sclera
CN: 3
✔✔Superior rectus - ✔✔elevates eye and turns it medially
O: common tendinous ring
I: sclera
CN: 3
✔✔Inferior rectus - ✔✔depresses eye and turns it medially
O: common tendinous ring
I: sclera
CN: 3
✔✔Medial rectus - ✔✔Function: moves eyeball medially
O: common tendinous ring
I: sclera
CN: 3
✔✔Superior rectus - ✔✔O: common tendinous ring
I: sclera
CN: 3
Function: Elevate and medially rotate eyeball
✔✔Afferent pupillary defect - ✔✔decreased direct response caused by decreased
visual function in one eye.
pupil dilates in response to light
