PSYCHOLOGY PSYC 515 WEEK 8 FINAL FULL
SOLUTION 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ Experimental method. Answer: Research technique in which an
investigator deliberately manipulates selected events or
circumstances and then measures the effects of those manipulations
on subsequent behavior.
-participants, hypothesis, independent variable, dependent variable,
experimental group, control group, and experimenter bias.
◉ American Psychological Association (APA). Answer: Has 53
divisions which represent the major fields of psychological inquiry,
as well as specialized research and professional interests.
Guidelines:
1. Informed consent
2. Aware of possible risks/limits on confidentiality
3. Informed of nature of the experiment
4. If a course credit, alternate assignments must be offered
5. No deception if it would impact someone's willingness to
participate
,6. Deception can be used only when necessary, and there must be
debriefing after
◉ Representative sample. Answer: A sample carefully chosen so that
the characteristics of the participants correspond closely to the
characteristics of the larger population.
◉ Random sample. Answer: Each potential participant has an equal
chance of being selected.
◉ Operational definition. Answer: How specifically the dependent
variable is measured.
◉ hemispherectomy. Answer: removal of the left or right half of the
brain
◉ neural plasticity. Answer: the ability of the brain to change in
response to experience
◉ psychobiology. Answer: the area of psychology that focuses on the
biological foundations of behavior and mental processes
◉ neurons. Answer: individual cells that are the smallest units of the
nervous system; receive and transmit information
,◉ dendrites. Answer: short fibers that branch out from the cell body
and pick up incoming messages
◉ axon. Answer: single long fiber extending from the cell body; it
carries outgoing messages
◉ nerve (tract). Answer: group of axons bundled together
◉ myelin sheath. Answer: white fatty covering found on some axons;
provides insulation and increases speed at which signals are
transmitted
◉ sensory neurons (afferent). Answer: neurons that carry messages
from sense organs to the spinal cord or brain
◉ motor neurons (efferent). Answer: neurons that carry messages
from the spinal cord or brain to the muscles and glands
◉ interneurons (association neurons). Answer: neurons that carry
messages from one neuron to another
◉ glial cells (glia). Answer: cells that form the myelin sheath; they
insulate and support neurons by holding them together, removing
, waste products, and preventing harmful substances from passing
from the bloodstream into the brain
◉ ions. Answer: electrically charged particles found both inside and
outside the neuron
◉ resting potential. Answer: electrical charge across a neuron
membrane due to excess positive ions concentrated on the outside
and negative ions on the inside
◉ polarization. Answer: the condition of a neuron when the inside is
negatively charged relative to the outside; when the neuron is at rest
◉ neural impulse (action potential). Answer: the firing of a nerve
cell
◉ graded potential. Answer: a shift in the electrical charge in a tiny
area of a neuron
◉ threshold of excitation. Answer: the level an impulse must exceed
to cause a neuron to fire
SOLUTION 2026 QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
GRADED A+
◉ Experimental method. Answer: Research technique in which an
investigator deliberately manipulates selected events or
circumstances and then measures the effects of those manipulations
on subsequent behavior.
-participants, hypothesis, independent variable, dependent variable,
experimental group, control group, and experimenter bias.
◉ American Psychological Association (APA). Answer: Has 53
divisions which represent the major fields of psychological inquiry,
as well as specialized research and professional interests.
Guidelines:
1. Informed consent
2. Aware of possible risks/limits on confidentiality
3. Informed of nature of the experiment
4. If a course credit, alternate assignments must be offered
5. No deception if it would impact someone's willingness to
participate
,6. Deception can be used only when necessary, and there must be
debriefing after
◉ Representative sample. Answer: A sample carefully chosen so that
the characteristics of the participants correspond closely to the
characteristics of the larger population.
◉ Random sample. Answer: Each potential participant has an equal
chance of being selected.
◉ Operational definition. Answer: How specifically the dependent
variable is measured.
◉ hemispherectomy. Answer: removal of the left or right half of the
brain
◉ neural plasticity. Answer: the ability of the brain to change in
response to experience
◉ psychobiology. Answer: the area of psychology that focuses on the
biological foundations of behavior and mental processes
◉ neurons. Answer: individual cells that are the smallest units of the
nervous system; receive and transmit information
,◉ dendrites. Answer: short fibers that branch out from the cell body
and pick up incoming messages
◉ axon. Answer: single long fiber extending from the cell body; it
carries outgoing messages
◉ nerve (tract). Answer: group of axons bundled together
◉ myelin sheath. Answer: white fatty covering found on some axons;
provides insulation and increases speed at which signals are
transmitted
◉ sensory neurons (afferent). Answer: neurons that carry messages
from sense organs to the spinal cord or brain
◉ motor neurons (efferent). Answer: neurons that carry messages
from the spinal cord or brain to the muscles and glands
◉ interneurons (association neurons). Answer: neurons that carry
messages from one neuron to another
◉ glial cells (glia). Answer: cells that form the myelin sheath; they
insulate and support neurons by holding them together, removing
, waste products, and preventing harmful substances from passing
from the bloodstream into the brain
◉ ions. Answer: electrically charged particles found both inside and
outside the neuron
◉ resting potential. Answer: electrical charge across a neuron
membrane due to excess positive ions concentrated on the outside
and negative ions on the inside
◉ polarization. Answer: the condition of a neuron when the inside is
negatively charged relative to the outside; when the neuron is at rest
◉ neural impulse (action potential). Answer: the firing of a nerve
cell
◉ graded potential. Answer: a shift in the electrical charge in a tiny
area of a neuron
◉ threshold of excitation. Answer: the level an impulse must exceed
to cause a neuron to fire
