SOCIOLOGY 101 UPDATED STUDY GUIDE QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS MARKED A+
✔✔Mores (norm) - ✔✔morally significant standard of behavior
✔✔Folkways (norm) - ✔✔Ethnic customs
✔✔Sanctions - ✔✔penalties and rewards for conduct concerning a social norm
✔✔Values - ✔✔Collective conceptions of what is considered good and bad
✔✔Subcultures - ✔✔A culture existing within the larger dominant culture. ARGOT:
special language only people who are affiliated with the subculture understand the
language.
✔✔Countercultures - ✔✔Opposes the larger, dominant culture, seeks a new order.
Contradict the main culture, can be both positive and negative.
✔✔Socialization - ✔✔A lifelong process in which people learn the attitudes, values, and
behaviors appropriate for members of a particular culture. Occurs through human
interaction.
✔✔Who were the case studies of socialization on? - ✔✔Isabelle and Genie
✔✔Social beings - ✔✔living or preferring to live in a community rather than alone
✔✔Nature and nurture - ✔✔both genetic factors and socialization experiences are
influential in human development
✔✔The Self and Socialization (mead) - ✔✔The "self" is a distinct identity that sets us
apart from others. It continues to develop and change throughout our lives.
✔✔The Looking Glass Self (Cooley) - ✔✔Emphasizes that the "self" is the product of
our social interactions with others
✔✔Agents of Socialization - ✔✔the many different social forces that influence our lives
and alter our self images
✔✔What are the 7 agents of socialization ? - ✔✔Family, School, peer groups,
media/technology, workplace, religion, the state/ gov.
✔✔Family - ✔✔work ethic, language, gender roles, respect.
✔✔School - ✔✔Socializing kids into norms and values of society.
, Ex: behavior, sharing prepares you for real world
✔✔peer group - ✔✔middle school age, worse for women because self esteem goes
down and body changes.
✔✔Workplace - ✔✔uniform, communication, working with others
✔✔religion - ✔✔morales and values
✔✔The state/ gov. - ✔✔when you can or can't vote, age of consent, curfew, when you
can drive.
✔✔Sex- role socialization - ✔✔strongest form of socialization that we receive through
out lifetime
✔✔Anticipatory socialization - ✔✔processes of socialization in which a person
rehearses for future positions, occupations, and social relationships.
✔✔Resocialization - ✔✔the process of discarding former behavior patterns and
accepting new ones as a part os a transition in ones life. Can be stressful
ex: total institution
✔✔Total institution - ✔✔a place where all aspects of life are regulated by a single
authority
✔✔Role transitions - ✔✔For men: start at about 50 years old
for women: start when kids grow up and leave
✔✔What are the 3 role transitions? - ✔✔1) Midlife
2) Sandwich generation
3) retirement
✔✔Sandwich generation - ✔✔Having an older parent and younger children that one is
still providing for
✔✔Retirement - ✔✔Emile Durk
Males over the age of 65, it is usually negative for them because they loose sense of
direction
✔✔Social Structure - ✔✔The way society functions. Refers to the organization of
society that shapes our social behavior and attitudes. It gives us the ability to interrupt
the social situations we we encounter. Refers to the regularity and patterns in social
interaction. Guides our actions and makes social life predictable. A complex framework
composed of social interaction and institutions that organize social life.
ANSWERS MARKED A+
✔✔Mores (norm) - ✔✔morally significant standard of behavior
✔✔Folkways (norm) - ✔✔Ethnic customs
✔✔Sanctions - ✔✔penalties and rewards for conduct concerning a social norm
✔✔Values - ✔✔Collective conceptions of what is considered good and bad
✔✔Subcultures - ✔✔A culture existing within the larger dominant culture. ARGOT:
special language only people who are affiliated with the subculture understand the
language.
✔✔Countercultures - ✔✔Opposes the larger, dominant culture, seeks a new order.
Contradict the main culture, can be both positive and negative.
✔✔Socialization - ✔✔A lifelong process in which people learn the attitudes, values, and
behaviors appropriate for members of a particular culture. Occurs through human
interaction.
✔✔Who were the case studies of socialization on? - ✔✔Isabelle and Genie
✔✔Social beings - ✔✔living or preferring to live in a community rather than alone
✔✔Nature and nurture - ✔✔both genetic factors and socialization experiences are
influential in human development
✔✔The Self and Socialization (mead) - ✔✔The "self" is a distinct identity that sets us
apart from others. It continues to develop and change throughout our lives.
✔✔The Looking Glass Self (Cooley) - ✔✔Emphasizes that the "self" is the product of
our social interactions with others
✔✔Agents of Socialization - ✔✔the many different social forces that influence our lives
and alter our self images
✔✔What are the 7 agents of socialization ? - ✔✔Family, School, peer groups,
media/technology, workplace, religion, the state/ gov.
✔✔Family - ✔✔work ethic, language, gender roles, respect.
✔✔School - ✔✔Socializing kids into norms and values of society.
, Ex: behavior, sharing prepares you for real world
✔✔peer group - ✔✔middle school age, worse for women because self esteem goes
down and body changes.
✔✔Workplace - ✔✔uniform, communication, working with others
✔✔religion - ✔✔morales and values
✔✔The state/ gov. - ✔✔when you can or can't vote, age of consent, curfew, when you
can drive.
✔✔Sex- role socialization - ✔✔strongest form of socialization that we receive through
out lifetime
✔✔Anticipatory socialization - ✔✔processes of socialization in which a person
rehearses for future positions, occupations, and social relationships.
✔✔Resocialization - ✔✔the process of discarding former behavior patterns and
accepting new ones as a part os a transition in ones life. Can be stressful
ex: total institution
✔✔Total institution - ✔✔a place where all aspects of life are regulated by a single
authority
✔✔Role transitions - ✔✔For men: start at about 50 years old
for women: start when kids grow up and leave
✔✔What are the 3 role transitions? - ✔✔1) Midlife
2) Sandwich generation
3) retirement
✔✔Sandwich generation - ✔✔Having an older parent and younger children that one is
still providing for
✔✔Retirement - ✔✔Emile Durk
Males over the age of 65, it is usually negative for them because they loose sense of
direction
✔✔Social Structure - ✔✔The way society functions. Refers to the organization of
society that shapes our social behavior and attitudes. It gives us the ability to interrupt
the social situations we we encounter. Refers to the regularity and patterns in social
interaction. Guides our actions and makes social life predictable. A complex framework
composed of social interaction and institutions that organize social life.
