PATH 3610 MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS
AND ANSWERS ALL CORRECT
1. The primary change in hemolytic jaundice is:
a) inadequate bilirubin excretion
b) increased production of bilirubin
c) serum accumulation of conjugated bilirubin - Answer- b
2. Triglyceride accumulation in the cytoplasm of parenchymal cells (such as the liver) is
termed:
a) cytoplasmic vacuolation
b) hyperglycemia
c) fatty degeneration - Answer- c
3. The release of cytoplasmic enzymes from necrotic cells may be useful giagnostically
T/F - Answer- T
4. Apoptosis refers to
a) the internalization of material by a cell
b) disintegration of tissues which occurs after death
c) programmed cell death - Answer- c
5. Cloudy swelling is the result of:
a) intracellular accumulation of fluid and electrolytes
b) decreased intracellular pH
c) triglyceride accumulation - Answer- a
6. Elevated conjugated serum bilirubin levels are most likely caused by:
a) acute hypoxic hepatic injury
b) obstruction of the biliary tract
c) intravascular hemolysis - Answer- b
7. Chronic over-consumption of alcohol can lead to fatty liver due to:
a) decreased oxidation of triglycerides
b) increased activity of hepatic enzyme systems, leading to increased conversion of
fatty acids to triglycerides
c) decreased mobilization of adipose tissue due to increased alcoholic caloric
consumption - Answer- b
, 8. Starvation can lead to the development of fatty liver
T/F - Answer- T
9. Agents such as radiation, mutagenic drugs and viruses can lead to acquired DNA
abnormalities. Damage to cells such as blood cell precursors in the bone marrow is the
result of:
a) failed synthesis of structural proteins
b) failure of growth regulating proteins
c) interference with mitosis - Answer- c
10. The colour changes in a bruise are related to:
a) necrosis of tissue
b) synthesis of hemoglobin
c) breakdown of hemoglobin - Answer- c
11. Free radicals can impair cell membrane function by causing:
a) lesions in DNA
b) lipid peroxidation
c) protein cross-linking - Answer- b
12. The most definitive microscopic evidence of cell necrosis is:
a) homogenous, more deeply staining cytoplasm
b) cytoplasmic vacuolation
c) nuclear pyknosis and karrhyorhexis - Answer- c
13. Dystrophic calcification refers to abnormal deposition of calcium salts:
a) in dead or dying tissues
b) in tissues due to high serum calcium levels
c) associated with inherited calcium metabolic disorders - Answer- a
14. The accumulation of watery fluid within the abdominal cavity is termed:
a) ascites
b) anasarca
c) exudation - Answer- a
15. Lymphatic obstruction will eventually lead to:
a) decreased tissue colloid osmotic pressure
b) decreased plasma osmotic pressure
c) fibrosis of the affected area - Answer- c
16. The tendency to bleed excessively following minor trauma is the hallmark of:
a) coagulation disorders
b) platelet disorders
c) DIC - Answer- a
17. Ischemia refers to
AND ANSWERS ALL CORRECT
1. The primary change in hemolytic jaundice is:
a) inadequate bilirubin excretion
b) increased production of bilirubin
c) serum accumulation of conjugated bilirubin - Answer- b
2. Triglyceride accumulation in the cytoplasm of parenchymal cells (such as the liver) is
termed:
a) cytoplasmic vacuolation
b) hyperglycemia
c) fatty degeneration - Answer- c
3. The release of cytoplasmic enzymes from necrotic cells may be useful giagnostically
T/F - Answer- T
4. Apoptosis refers to
a) the internalization of material by a cell
b) disintegration of tissues which occurs after death
c) programmed cell death - Answer- c
5. Cloudy swelling is the result of:
a) intracellular accumulation of fluid and electrolytes
b) decreased intracellular pH
c) triglyceride accumulation - Answer- a
6. Elevated conjugated serum bilirubin levels are most likely caused by:
a) acute hypoxic hepatic injury
b) obstruction of the biliary tract
c) intravascular hemolysis - Answer- b
7. Chronic over-consumption of alcohol can lead to fatty liver due to:
a) decreased oxidation of triglycerides
b) increased activity of hepatic enzyme systems, leading to increased conversion of
fatty acids to triglycerides
c) decreased mobilization of adipose tissue due to increased alcoholic caloric
consumption - Answer- b
, 8. Starvation can lead to the development of fatty liver
T/F - Answer- T
9. Agents such as radiation, mutagenic drugs and viruses can lead to acquired DNA
abnormalities. Damage to cells such as blood cell precursors in the bone marrow is the
result of:
a) failed synthesis of structural proteins
b) failure of growth regulating proteins
c) interference with mitosis - Answer- c
10. The colour changes in a bruise are related to:
a) necrosis of tissue
b) synthesis of hemoglobin
c) breakdown of hemoglobin - Answer- c
11. Free radicals can impair cell membrane function by causing:
a) lesions in DNA
b) lipid peroxidation
c) protein cross-linking - Answer- b
12. The most definitive microscopic evidence of cell necrosis is:
a) homogenous, more deeply staining cytoplasm
b) cytoplasmic vacuolation
c) nuclear pyknosis and karrhyorhexis - Answer- c
13. Dystrophic calcification refers to abnormal deposition of calcium salts:
a) in dead or dying tissues
b) in tissues due to high serum calcium levels
c) associated with inherited calcium metabolic disorders - Answer- a
14. The accumulation of watery fluid within the abdominal cavity is termed:
a) ascites
b) anasarca
c) exudation - Answer- a
15. Lymphatic obstruction will eventually lead to:
a) decreased tissue colloid osmotic pressure
b) decreased plasma osmotic pressure
c) fibrosis of the affected area - Answer- c
16. The tendency to bleed excessively following minor trauma is the hallmark of:
a) coagulation disorders
b) platelet disorders
c) DIC - Answer- a
17. Ischemia refers to
