CHM 1046 exam 1 Questions With Well Elaborated Answers

ionic bond - correct answers metal + nonmetal covalent bond - correct answers nonmetal + nonmetal trend of electronegativity - correct answers inc up and inc to the right trend of ionization energy - correct answers dec down inc to the right if electronegativity is equal between atoms it is a ____ bond - correct answers non polar covalent if diff. in EN is greater than 0 but less than 2 it is a ____ bond - correct answers polar covalent if diff. in EN is greater than or equal to 2 it is a ____ bond - correct answers ionic greater diff. in EN= a larger or smaller dipole moment? - correct answers larger dipole moment solid--gas = ____ - correct answers sublimation gas--solid= _____ - correct answers deposition solid--liquid= ____ - correct answers fusion (melting) as IMFs inc., deltaH trans ____ - correct answers increases as IMFs inc, viscosity ____ - correct answers increases as IMFs inc, surface tension ____ - correct answers increases as IMFs inc, transition temp ____ - correct answers increases as IMFs inc, EVP ____ - correct answers decreases larger molecules have _____ dispersion forces? (weaker or stronger) - correct answers stronger the attraction between the partial positive of one molecule and a partial negative of another is known as ____ - correct answers dipole-dipole attraction order of strength of IMFs (4 types) - correct answers dispersiondipole-dipoleH-bondion-ion to determine what IMFs a molecule has: - correct answers 1. molecular or ionic - if ionic=ion-ion 2. if molecular, polar or nonpolar -if nonpolar=dispersion polar, H-bond or dipole-dipole as temp increases, EVP ____ - correct answers increases what causes a liquid to boil? - correct answers when EVP=externally applied pressure AX2= - correct answers linear, typically non polar AX2E= - correct answers bent with lone pair on central atom, usually polar AX3= - correct answers trigonal planar, usually nonpolar AX3E= - correct answers trigonal pyramidal with lone pair on central atom, typically polar AX4E2= - correct answers square planar with two lone pair on central atom AX4= - correct answers tetrahedral, typically nonpolar as applied pressure inc, bp ___ - correct answers increases what is the triple point - correct answers press and temp where all 3 phases are equally favorable what is the critical point - correct answers temp above which the gas cannot be condensed regardless of pressure heat is a ___ property - correct answers extensive boiling point is a ___ property - correct answers intensive at what stages of heating curve diagram do you use Q=mcdeltaT and when do you use Q=ncdeltaT - correct answers 1,3,5= m 2,4=n to predict electrolyticity : - correct answers 1. ionic or molecular -if ionic, strong electrolyte 2. if molecular, is it an acid or base? -if no, nonelectrolyte -if yes, determine if it's strong or weak strong acids - correct answers HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, HCLO3, HClO4, H2SO4 strong bases - correct answers Ba(OH)2, Ca(OH)2, NaOH, KOH, LiOH; anything with Li, Na, K, Ca, Rb, Sr, Cs, or Ba if vant Hoff factor is 1 it is a _____ - correct answers nonelectrolyte a weak acid or base has a VHF of _____ - correct answers 1i2 a strong acid or base has a VHF of ____ - correct answers greater than or equal to 2 colligative property means: - correct answers depends on amount of solute dissolved molality - correct answers moles solute/kg solvent molarity - correct answers moles solute/Liters of solution to identify non polar molecules: - correct answers all diatomic (N2, Cl2, etc.); molecules with only C and H; symmetrical molecules; if nonsymmetric but diff in EN is less than .5 to identify polar molecules: - correct answers if H is bonded to N, O, or F; nonsymmetric with EN diff.5 if EN between two molecules is equal then the molecule is _____ - correct answers nonpolar determining vant hoff factor: - correct answers 1. if molecular (NH3, C6H12O6, etc.) i=1; if ionic count the particles (ex- CaCl2--Ca + 2Cl= i of 3) to form h-bonds with yourself you need _____ - correct answers both a donor and an acceptor something is an H-bond donor if there is _____ - correct answers an available H attached to O, N, or F something is an H-bond acceptor if _____ - correct answers there is an open O solubility of a gas in a solvent depends on ______ - correct answers temperature and pressure of gas above liquid as solubility increases, temp ____ - correct answers decreases as solubility increase, pressure of gas above liquid ____ - correct answers increases for Henry's law (Cgas=kPgas), as k (henry's law constant at a certain temp) increases, temp ____ - correct answers decreases amount of solute that can dissolve in a given amount of solute at a given temperature - correct answers solubility amount of solute that is dissolved - correct answers concentration if concentration=solubility the solution is _____ - correct answers saturated if conc. solubility the solution is ____ - correct answers unsaturated if conc. solubility then the solution is ____ - correct answers supersaturated rates are _____ quantities - correct answers scalar ideal gases have same or no IMFs - correct answers none ideal liquids have same or no IMFs - correct answers same