IF-AT Quiz NS3118 With Complete Solutions
Most nursing studies before 1950 focused on:
A) Client satisfaction
B) Nursing education
C) Health promotion
D) Clinical interventions - ANSWER Nursing Education.
Which of the following groups would be best served by the development of a
scientific base for nursing practice?
A) Nursing administrators
B) Nurses' clients
C) Practicing nurses
D) Health care policymakers - ANSWER Nurses' Clients
The traditional scientific method is not characterized by which of the following
attributes?
A) Control over external factors
B) Systematic measurement and observation of natural phenomena
C) Emphasis on a holistic view of a phenomenon studied in a rich context
D) Testing of hunches deduced from theory or prior research - ANSWER
Emphasis on a holistic view of a phenomenon studied in a rich context
The classic scientific method has its intellectual roots in:
A) Empiricism
B) Determinism
C) Constructivism
D) Positivism - ANSWER Positivism
Positivism is a philosophical theory stating that positive knowledge is based on
natural phenomena and their properties and relations.
A researcher wants to study the process by which people make decisions about
seeking treatment for infertility. The researcher's paradigmatic orientation most
likely is:
A) Positivism
B) Determinism
C) Naturalism
D) Empiricism - ANSWER Naturalism
Naturalism is the "idea or belief that only natural (as opposed to supernatural or
spiritual) laws and forces operate in the world."
,A researcher is studying the effect of massage on the alleviation of pain in
cancer patients. The study would be described as:
A) Descriptive
B) Applied
C) Exploratory
D) Basic - ANSWER Applied.
Applied research refers to scientific study and research that seeks to solve
practical problems. Applied research is used to find solutions to everyday
problems, cure illness, and develop innovative technologies.
A descriptive question that a qualitative researcher might ask is:
A) What is the average intensity of this phenomenon?
B) What are the dimensions of this phenomenon?
C) How frequently does this phenomenon occur?
D) What is the average duration of this phenomenon? - ANSWER What are the
dimensions of this phenomenon?
One of the criticisms of the scientific method is that it is overly:
A) Logical
B) Reductionist
C) Empirical
D) Deterministic - ANSWER Reductionist
Reductionism is an approach to understanding the nature of complex things by
reducing them to the interactions of their parts, or to simpler or more
fundamental things.
Over a 20-year period, Wallace and colleagues conducted a series of studies on
children's pain and nurses' pain management. This is an example of:
A) The scientific method
B) A research program
C) Positivist research
D) Basic research - ANSWER A research program
Naturalistic qualitative research typically:
A) Involves deductive processes
B) Attempts to control the research context to better understand the
phenomenon being studied
C) Focuses on the idiosyncrasies of those being studied
D) Involves gathering narrative, subjective materials - ANSWER Involves
gathering narrative, subjective materials
Which of the following limits the power of the scientific method to answer
questions about human life?
, A) The difficulty of accurately measuring complex human traits
B) The shortage of theories about human behaviour
C) The difficulty of gaining the cooperation of humans as study participants
D) The necessity of departing from traditional beliefs - ANSWER The difficulty of
accurately measuring complex human traits
Empiricism refers to:
A) Gathering evidence about real-world phenomena through the senses
B) Deducing specific predictions from generalizations
C) Making generalizations from specific observations
D) Verifying the assumptions on which the study was based - ANSWER
Gathering evidence about real-world phenomena through the senses
To those espousing a positivist paradigm, a fundamental belief is that:
A) The distance between the researcher and those being researched is
minimized to enhance the interactive process
B) The researcher cannot interact with those being studied.
C) The researcher instructs those being studied to be objective in providing
information.
D) The researcher is objective and independent of those being studied.. -
ANSWER The researcher is objective and independent of those being studied.
Which of the following would not be a current priority for clinical nursing
research?
A) Nurses' personalities
B) Health promotion
C) Pain management
D) Prevention of illness - ANSWER Nurses' personalities
Confidentiality of study participants can be increased by:
A) Avoiding introducing the participants to any of the research personnel
B) Avoiding the collection of any identifying information
C) Placing all identifying information on computer files rather than manual files
D) All of the above - ANSWER Avoiding the collection of any identifying
information
If a researcher unobtrusively studies interactions among patients in a
psychiatric hospital, which ethical principle may be violated?
A) Right to self-determination
B) Confidentiality
C) Freedom from harm
D) All of the above - ANSWER Right to self-determination
An example of research misconduct is:
A) A high monetary incentive to study participants
B) Concealed observation
Most nursing studies before 1950 focused on:
A) Client satisfaction
B) Nursing education
C) Health promotion
D) Clinical interventions - ANSWER Nursing Education.
Which of the following groups would be best served by the development of a
scientific base for nursing practice?
A) Nursing administrators
B) Nurses' clients
C) Practicing nurses
D) Health care policymakers - ANSWER Nurses' Clients
The traditional scientific method is not characterized by which of the following
attributes?
A) Control over external factors
B) Systematic measurement and observation of natural phenomena
C) Emphasis on a holistic view of a phenomenon studied in a rich context
D) Testing of hunches deduced from theory or prior research - ANSWER
Emphasis on a holistic view of a phenomenon studied in a rich context
The classic scientific method has its intellectual roots in:
A) Empiricism
B) Determinism
C) Constructivism
D) Positivism - ANSWER Positivism
Positivism is a philosophical theory stating that positive knowledge is based on
natural phenomena and their properties and relations.
A researcher wants to study the process by which people make decisions about
seeking treatment for infertility. The researcher's paradigmatic orientation most
likely is:
A) Positivism
B) Determinism
C) Naturalism
D) Empiricism - ANSWER Naturalism
Naturalism is the "idea or belief that only natural (as opposed to supernatural or
spiritual) laws and forces operate in the world."
,A researcher is studying the effect of massage on the alleviation of pain in
cancer patients. The study would be described as:
A) Descriptive
B) Applied
C) Exploratory
D) Basic - ANSWER Applied.
Applied research refers to scientific study and research that seeks to solve
practical problems. Applied research is used to find solutions to everyday
problems, cure illness, and develop innovative technologies.
A descriptive question that a qualitative researcher might ask is:
A) What is the average intensity of this phenomenon?
B) What are the dimensions of this phenomenon?
C) How frequently does this phenomenon occur?
D) What is the average duration of this phenomenon? - ANSWER What are the
dimensions of this phenomenon?
One of the criticisms of the scientific method is that it is overly:
A) Logical
B) Reductionist
C) Empirical
D) Deterministic - ANSWER Reductionist
Reductionism is an approach to understanding the nature of complex things by
reducing them to the interactions of their parts, or to simpler or more
fundamental things.
Over a 20-year period, Wallace and colleagues conducted a series of studies on
children's pain and nurses' pain management. This is an example of:
A) The scientific method
B) A research program
C) Positivist research
D) Basic research - ANSWER A research program
Naturalistic qualitative research typically:
A) Involves deductive processes
B) Attempts to control the research context to better understand the
phenomenon being studied
C) Focuses on the idiosyncrasies of those being studied
D) Involves gathering narrative, subjective materials - ANSWER Involves
gathering narrative, subjective materials
Which of the following limits the power of the scientific method to answer
questions about human life?
, A) The difficulty of accurately measuring complex human traits
B) The shortage of theories about human behaviour
C) The difficulty of gaining the cooperation of humans as study participants
D) The necessity of departing from traditional beliefs - ANSWER The difficulty of
accurately measuring complex human traits
Empiricism refers to:
A) Gathering evidence about real-world phenomena through the senses
B) Deducing specific predictions from generalizations
C) Making generalizations from specific observations
D) Verifying the assumptions on which the study was based - ANSWER
Gathering evidence about real-world phenomena through the senses
To those espousing a positivist paradigm, a fundamental belief is that:
A) The distance between the researcher and those being researched is
minimized to enhance the interactive process
B) The researcher cannot interact with those being studied.
C) The researcher instructs those being studied to be objective in providing
information.
D) The researcher is objective and independent of those being studied.. -
ANSWER The researcher is objective and independent of those being studied.
Which of the following would not be a current priority for clinical nursing
research?
A) Nurses' personalities
B) Health promotion
C) Pain management
D) Prevention of illness - ANSWER Nurses' personalities
Confidentiality of study participants can be increased by:
A) Avoiding introducing the participants to any of the research personnel
B) Avoiding the collection of any identifying information
C) Placing all identifying information on computer files rather than manual files
D) All of the above - ANSWER Avoiding the collection of any identifying
information
If a researcher unobtrusively studies interactions among patients in a
psychiatric hospital, which ethical principle may be violated?
A) Right to self-determination
B) Confidentiality
C) Freedom from harm
D) All of the above - ANSWER Right to self-determination
An example of research misconduct is:
A) A high monetary incentive to study participants
B) Concealed observation
