Advanced Pathophysiology NURS
5350 Exam 2 Units 5-8 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
What are the four clinical stages of the process of infection and
describe each? -
correct answer ✅Incubation phase: period from initial exposure to
the onset of of the first symptoms; can last hours to years.
Prodromal phase: Starts with initial symptoms is often very mild
with feelings of discomfort and tiredness.
Invasion phase: invasion is farther and affects other body tissues,
symptoms of illness are at their worst.
Convalescence phase: (RECOVERY) recovery occurs and symptoms
decline, or the disease is fatal, or has period of latency.
What activates almost every aspect of inflammation? -
correct answer ✅Lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Clinical manifestations of infection? -
correct answer ✅fatigue
malaise
,Advanced Pathophysiology NURS
5350 Exam 2 Units 5-8 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
weakness
concentration loss
aching
loss of appetite
FEVER: HALLMARK SIGN
leukocytosis
What is virulence? -
correct answer ✅Capacity of a pathogen to cause severe disease;
How potent.
Infectious Disease Classification: Endemic? -
correct answer ✅Diseases with relatively high, but constant, rates
of infection in a particular population.
Infectious Disease Classification: Epidemic? -
correct answer ✅Number of new infections in a particular
population that greatly exceeds the number usually observed.
,Advanced Pathophysiology NURS
5350 Exam 2 Units 5-8 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
Infectious Disease Classification: Pandemic? -
correct answer ✅An epidemic that spreads over a large area such
as a continent or worldwide.
Bacterial Infection: Gram + vs Gram - -
correct answer ✅Gram-Positive: Above diaphragm.
Gram-Negative: Below diaphragm.
What are Exotoxins? -
correct answer ✅Enzymes released during growth causing specific
responses.
What are Endotoxins? -
correct answer ✅Contained in cell walls of gram negative bacteria
and released during lysis of bacteria.
How do antibiotics work against bacterial infections? -
correct answer ✅Antibiotics work by prohibiting protein synthesis.
, Advanced Pathophysiology NURS
5350 Exam 2 Units 5-8 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
What bacteria is the major cause of hospital acquired (noscomial)
infections and antibiotic resistance? -
correct answer ✅Staphylococcus aureus.
What are fungal infections? -
correct answer ✅Systemic infection is usually from
immunosuppression.
Fungal infections are so toxic to humans as fungus have similar cell
compositions to human cells.
What is the most common fungal infection? -
correct answer ✅Candida albicans
How is tissue damage caused with parasitic infections? -
correct answer ✅Tissue damage by parasites is secondary to
release of enzymes that destroy surrounding extracellular matrix
and tissue.
What is the most common parasitic infection worldwide? -
correct answer ✅Malaria.
5350 Exam 2 Units 5-8 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
What are the four clinical stages of the process of infection and
describe each? -
correct answer ✅Incubation phase: period from initial exposure to
the onset of of the first symptoms; can last hours to years.
Prodromal phase: Starts with initial symptoms is often very mild
with feelings of discomfort and tiredness.
Invasion phase: invasion is farther and affects other body tissues,
symptoms of illness are at their worst.
Convalescence phase: (RECOVERY) recovery occurs and symptoms
decline, or the disease is fatal, or has period of latency.
What activates almost every aspect of inflammation? -
correct answer ✅Lipopolysaccharide (LPS).
Clinical manifestations of infection? -
correct answer ✅fatigue
malaise
,Advanced Pathophysiology NURS
5350 Exam 2 Units 5-8 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
weakness
concentration loss
aching
loss of appetite
FEVER: HALLMARK SIGN
leukocytosis
What is virulence? -
correct answer ✅Capacity of a pathogen to cause severe disease;
How potent.
Infectious Disease Classification: Endemic? -
correct answer ✅Diseases with relatively high, but constant, rates
of infection in a particular population.
Infectious Disease Classification: Epidemic? -
correct answer ✅Number of new infections in a particular
population that greatly exceeds the number usually observed.
,Advanced Pathophysiology NURS
5350 Exam 2 Units 5-8 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
Infectious Disease Classification: Pandemic? -
correct answer ✅An epidemic that spreads over a large area such
as a continent or worldwide.
Bacterial Infection: Gram + vs Gram - -
correct answer ✅Gram-Positive: Above diaphragm.
Gram-Negative: Below diaphragm.
What are Exotoxins? -
correct answer ✅Enzymes released during growth causing specific
responses.
What are Endotoxins? -
correct answer ✅Contained in cell walls of gram negative bacteria
and released during lysis of bacteria.
How do antibiotics work against bacterial infections? -
correct answer ✅Antibiotics work by prohibiting protein synthesis.
, Advanced Pathophysiology NURS
5350 Exam 2 Units 5-8 Questions &
Answers (Grade A+)
What bacteria is the major cause of hospital acquired (noscomial)
infections and antibiotic resistance? -
correct answer ✅Staphylococcus aureus.
What are fungal infections? -
correct answer ✅Systemic infection is usually from
immunosuppression.
Fungal infections are so toxic to humans as fungus have similar cell
compositions to human cells.
What is the most common fungal infection? -
correct answer ✅Candida albicans
How is tissue damage caused with parasitic infections? -
correct answer ✅Tissue damage by parasites is secondary to
release of enzymes that destroy surrounding extracellular matrix
and tissue.
What is the most common parasitic infection worldwide? -
correct answer ✅Malaria.
