CHM 1046 Exam 4 Review Questions And Answers Well Detailed

Write the equation for AgCl (s) - correct answers AgCl (s) = Ag ^+1 + Cl ^- Write the equation for FeCl2 (s) - correct answers FeCl2 (s) = Fe ^2+ + 2Cl^- Write the equation for Al2 (CO3)3 - correct answers Al2 (CO3)3 = 2 Al ^3+ + 3 CO3^2- What is a solubility product constant? (Ksp) - correct answers measure of how much of the solid dissolves to form a saturated solution at equilibrium Write the Ksp for AB (s) = A^+ + B^- - correct answers [A^+][B-] What substances never show up in Ksp expressions? - correct answers pure substances (solid,liquid) AnBm = nA^+ + mB^- ,write the Ksp expression - correct answers [A^+]^n [B^-]^m The higher the Ksp the - correct answers stronger the electrolyte What is solubility? - correct answers amount of salt that dissolves in water to form a saturated solution (g solute/L solution) (mole solute/L solution) What factors affect solubility? - correct answers temperature, common ion, pH, formation of complex anions/cations How does temperature affect solubility? - correct answers Ksp is temp dependent How do common ions affect solubility? - correct answers common ion in a solution will lower the solubility of a sparingly soluble salt How does pH affect solubility? - correct answers salts which produce basic anions will increase solubility with decrease in pH The higher the Ksp the more - correct answers soluble the compound is 2nd law of thermodynamics - correct answers any spontaneous process increases the disorder of the universe entropy - correct answers A measure of disorder or randomness spontaneous - correct answers not requiring an outside source of energy to proceed Is entropy a state function? - correct answers yes Gibbs free energy - correct answers the amount of energy in a system that is available to do useful work Gibbs free energy equation - correct answers ΔG = ΔH - TΔS True or False: If a system undergoes a reversible process, the change in entropy of the system is exactly matched by an equal and opposite change in the entropy of the surroundings - correct answers True True or False: The entropy for the universe increases for any spontaneous process - correct answers true If the final pressure on the gas is 1.14 atm, calculate the entropy change for the process. (initial mol: 0.660) (initial pressure: 0.740atm) - correct answers (0.660mol)(8.3145 J/mole*K)(ln(0.740/1.14))= -2.37 J/K Units for entropy - correct answers J/K or energy per Kelvin When a solid melts or a solid sublimes, does entropy decrease or increase - correct answers increase When a gas liquefies does entropy decrease or increase - correct answers decrease Which has a higher entropy? Kr (l) or Kr (g). why? - correct answers Kr (g), gases have higher entropy due to much larger volume Which has a higher entropy: 1 mol of Ne (g) in 16.0L or 1 mol of Ne (g) in 1.60L. why? - correct answers 1 mol of Ne (g) in 16.0L, larger volume provides more motional freedom Suppose we have one mole each of F2 (g), C2H6 (g), and Ar (g). What is the order from lowest to highest entropy? - correct answers Ar F2 C2H6 Criteria for spontaneity in terms of entropy? - correct answers in any spontaneous process the entropy of the universe increases Criteria for spontaneity for free energy? - correct answers in any spontaneous process operating at constant temperatures, the free energy of the system decreases Entropy increases or decreases with increasing molecular complexity? - correct answers increases When is a gibbs free energy value considered spontaneous? - correct answers wh