CMN 568 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS
WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONS|| 100%
GUARANTEED PASS|| UPDATED
2026/2027 SYLLABUS||ALREADY
GRADED A+||<<RECENT VERSION>>
bacterial tracheitis (pseudomembranous croup) key symptoms - ANSWER ✓ -
severe life threatening form of laryngotracheobronchitis
- pt presents with severe upper airway obstruction and fever
- sniffing dog position
- high fever
- drooling
causative agent of bacterial tracheitis - ANSWER ✓ s. aureus, or h. influenza
classic physiologic representation with bacterial tracheitis - ANSWER ✓
localized mucosal invasion of bacteria in patients with primary viral croup, leading
to inflammatory edema, purulent secretions, and pseudomembranes
disease progression of bacterial tracheitis - ANSWER ✓ viral croup that
progresses (instead of improving) to develop a higher fever, toxicity, and
intermittent, severe upper airway obstruction; unresponsive to standard croup
therapy
lateral neck xray findings in bacterial tracheitis - ANSWER ✓ xray will show
normal epiglottitis with severe subglottic and tracheal narrowing; irregularity of
contour of proximal tracheal mucosa
how does the FNP confirm bacterial tracheitis - ANSWER ✓ bronchoscopy
tx for bacterial tracheitis - ANSWER ✓ - direct visualization of airway to perform
debridement
- IV abx to cover s. aureus
,most common cause of CAP in kids - ANSWER ✓ s. pneumoniae
features of bacterial CAP in peds - ANSWER ✓ - fever > 39C
- tachypnea and cough
- abnormla chest exam
- abnormal CXR
features of viral CAP in peds - ANSWER ✓ - URI prodrome
- wheezing or rales
- myalgia
- malaise
- HA
bacterial CAP CXR findings - ANSWER ✓ - lobar infiltrates (consolidation)
- pleural effusions
- abscess
- "round" pneumonias
viral CAP CXR findings - ANSWER ✓ - perihilar streaking
- increased interstitial markings
- patchy bronchopneumonia
- hyperventilation
bacterial CAP tx peds - ANSWER ✓ - amox 80-90mg/kg/day divided BID x7-10
days
- PCN allergy: azithromycin
viral CAP tx peds - ANSWER ✓ - PO abx to cover co-existent bacterial
pneumonia
- if tests + for flu, tamiflu for >1yr or relenza for >7yr
bronchiolitis key symptoms - ANSWER ✓ - less than 2yr old
- begins as a URI, progresses to tachypnea, rapid shallow breathing, resp. distress
CXR findings in bronchiolitis - ANSWER ✓ - lateral decubitus CXR revealing
meniscus or layering fluid
- nonspecific hyperinflation and increased interstitial markings
, most common cause of bronchiolitis - ANSWER ✓ RSV, its mostly viral
current AAP recommendations for bronchiolitis - ANSWER ✓ - forgo the viral
nasal swab unless the infant has been on prophylaxis with palivizumab, as it does
not change tx
- no CXR unless in resp. distress
- no abx unless bacterial infection is suspected
- no albuterol or corticosteroids bc evidence has shown its uneffective
antiviral tx for bronchiolitis severely ill patients with immune or cardiac defects -
ANSWER ✓ ribavirin aerosol tx
AAP recommended tx for bronchiolitis - ANSWER ✓ - supportive measures
- supplemental O2
what area of lung is most likely the target of aspiration pneumonia? - ANSWER
✓ right upper lobe in the supine patient
common complication from ACUTE aspiration pneumonia - ANSWER ✓ lung
abscess or empyema
common complication from CHRONIC aspiration pneumonia - ANSWER ✓
bronchiectasis
tx for acute aspiration pneumonia - ANSWER ✓ 1st line: IV clindamycin
key symptoms of mycoplasma pneumonia - ANSWER ✓ - greater than 5yr old
- dry cough at inset, then progressing to sputum production
- rales and chest pain
- bronchopneumonic infiltrates in middle/lower lobes
- pleural effusions
tx for mycoplasma pneumonia - ANSWER ✓ - 1st line: Azithromycin 10mg/kg
PO x1, then 5mg/kg/day x4 days
- alternative: cipro
consequences of OSA in peds - ANSWER ✓ - FTT
- poor school performance
WITH CORRECT SOLUTIONS|| 100%
GUARANTEED PASS|| UPDATED
2026/2027 SYLLABUS||ALREADY
GRADED A+||<<RECENT VERSION>>
bacterial tracheitis (pseudomembranous croup) key symptoms - ANSWER ✓ -
severe life threatening form of laryngotracheobronchitis
- pt presents with severe upper airway obstruction and fever
- sniffing dog position
- high fever
- drooling
causative agent of bacterial tracheitis - ANSWER ✓ s. aureus, or h. influenza
classic physiologic representation with bacterial tracheitis - ANSWER ✓
localized mucosal invasion of bacteria in patients with primary viral croup, leading
to inflammatory edema, purulent secretions, and pseudomembranes
disease progression of bacterial tracheitis - ANSWER ✓ viral croup that
progresses (instead of improving) to develop a higher fever, toxicity, and
intermittent, severe upper airway obstruction; unresponsive to standard croup
therapy
lateral neck xray findings in bacterial tracheitis - ANSWER ✓ xray will show
normal epiglottitis with severe subglottic and tracheal narrowing; irregularity of
contour of proximal tracheal mucosa
how does the FNP confirm bacterial tracheitis - ANSWER ✓ bronchoscopy
tx for bacterial tracheitis - ANSWER ✓ - direct visualization of airway to perform
debridement
- IV abx to cover s. aureus
,most common cause of CAP in kids - ANSWER ✓ s. pneumoniae
features of bacterial CAP in peds - ANSWER ✓ - fever > 39C
- tachypnea and cough
- abnormla chest exam
- abnormal CXR
features of viral CAP in peds - ANSWER ✓ - URI prodrome
- wheezing or rales
- myalgia
- malaise
- HA
bacterial CAP CXR findings - ANSWER ✓ - lobar infiltrates (consolidation)
- pleural effusions
- abscess
- "round" pneumonias
viral CAP CXR findings - ANSWER ✓ - perihilar streaking
- increased interstitial markings
- patchy bronchopneumonia
- hyperventilation
bacterial CAP tx peds - ANSWER ✓ - amox 80-90mg/kg/day divided BID x7-10
days
- PCN allergy: azithromycin
viral CAP tx peds - ANSWER ✓ - PO abx to cover co-existent bacterial
pneumonia
- if tests + for flu, tamiflu for >1yr or relenza for >7yr
bronchiolitis key symptoms - ANSWER ✓ - less than 2yr old
- begins as a URI, progresses to tachypnea, rapid shallow breathing, resp. distress
CXR findings in bronchiolitis - ANSWER ✓ - lateral decubitus CXR revealing
meniscus or layering fluid
- nonspecific hyperinflation and increased interstitial markings
, most common cause of bronchiolitis - ANSWER ✓ RSV, its mostly viral
current AAP recommendations for bronchiolitis - ANSWER ✓ - forgo the viral
nasal swab unless the infant has been on prophylaxis with palivizumab, as it does
not change tx
- no CXR unless in resp. distress
- no abx unless bacterial infection is suspected
- no albuterol or corticosteroids bc evidence has shown its uneffective
antiviral tx for bronchiolitis severely ill patients with immune or cardiac defects -
ANSWER ✓ ribavirin aerosol tx
AAP recommended tx for bronchiolitis - ANSWER ✓ - supportive measures
- supplemental O2
what area of lung is most likely the target of aspiration pneumonia? - ANSWER
✓ right upper lobe in the supine patient
common complication from ACUTE aspiration pneumonia - ANSWER ✓ lung
abscess or empyema
common complication from CHRONIC aspiration pneumonia - ANSWER ✓
bronchiectasis
tx for acute aspiration pneumonia - ANSWER ✓ 1st line: IV clindamycin
key symptoms of mycoplasma pneumonia - ANSWER ✓ - greater than 5yr old
- dry cough at inset, then progressing to sputum production
- rales and chest pain
- bronchopneumonic infiltrates in middle/lower lobes
- pleural effusions
tx for mycoplasma pneumonia - ANSWER ✓ - 1st line: Azithromycin 10mg/kg
PO x1, then 5mg/kg/day x4 days
- alternative: cipro
consequences of OSA in peds - ANSWER ✓ - FTT
- poor school performance
