4/17/26, 10:23 PM Microbiology Exam 2
BIO 202 -Grand Canyon University Microbiology Exam 2 ||
MOST RECENT EXAM ACTUAL COMPLETE REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED SUCCESS!! NEWEST
EXAM | JUST RELEASED!! 2026
How do Viruses attach to a host cell
Through receptors on the host cell's surface.
There must be an interaction.
Capsid
Protein coat that surrounds the Nucleic Acid of a virus. (not the whole virus
itself. That's an envelope.)
***Made up of individualized Capsomeres***
*accounts for most of the mass of a viral cell.
Capsomeres
Protein subunits that make up a capsid
(think of tiny balls that come together to make a huge coating around the
Nucleic Acid)
*capsomeres can be made up of multiple types of proteins or one single type
of protein
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,4/17/26, 10:23 PM Microbiology Exam 2
Envelope
Surrounds the virus as a whole.
*Synonymus to a somatic cell's Plasma Membrane. But around a virus.
***Composed of proteins, lipids and carbs.
*Could be covered in spikes
NOT ALL VIRUSES HAVE ENVELOPES
Spikes
Cover the envelope of the cell
Composed of protein and carbohydrates.
-Used for attachment to the host cell
Spikes differ, and can be identified as different virus by the host body. That's
why you can get the flu more than once a year, there's a change in spikes.
-Can be used for identification for some virsus under microscope.
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,4/17/26, 10:23 PM Microbiology Exam 2
Helical Capsid
Long rods that are flexible and rigid
These surround the Nucleic Acid.
*Capsids are hollow cylinders surrounding the nucleic acid.
*CAN OR CANNOT HAVE A ENVELOPE.
Without envelope = they look like long noodles, because it's just the capsid
and no sphereical shape
WITH the envelope = they look like balls, but with their Nucleic acids all
tangled inside.
Polyhedrical Capsid
These are icosahedron, and are 20 triangle shapes, with 12
corners. THEY CAN BE WITH OR WITHOUT ENVELOPE
-Without envelope, you can see their individual caposomere and their many
different triangular faces of the Capsid
WITH envelope, they appear ordinarily spherical, and like a normal cell. (Some
have spikes)
Complex Capsid
They have a variety of weird shapes within the one virus cell, and look just
straight up weird.
They can be bacteriaphages and just look mutuant
/ 3/53
, 4/17/26, 10:23 PM Microbiology Exam 2
Family names suffix for Taxonomy
-viridae
Ex. Herpesviridae
Genus name suffix Taxonomy
-virus
Genus Simplexvirus
Ex. Herpesvirus
Viral species
A group of viruses sharing the same genetic information and ecological niche
(niche=host)
Viral species are designated by descriptive common names, such as human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV),
Subspecies
They are determined by the NUMBER that is attached to the specific genus of
the family. These are viruses that can affect humans
HIV-1, HIV-2
/ 4/53
BIO 202 -Grand Canyon University Microbiology Exam 2 ||
MOST RECENT EXAM ACTUAL COMPLETE REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS)
ALREADY GRADED A+ | GUARANTEED SUCCESS!! NEWEST
EXAM | JUST RELEASED!! 2026
How do Viruses attach to a host cell
Through receptors on the host cell's surface.
There must be an interaction.
Capsid
Protein coat that surrounds the Nucleic Acid of a virus. (not the whole virus
itself. That's an envelope.)
***Made up of individualized Capsomeres***
*accounts for most of the mass of a viral cell.
Capsomeres
Protein subunits that make up a capsid
(think of tiny balls that come together to make a huge coating around the
Nucleic Acid)
*capsomeres can be made up of multiple types of proteins or one single type
of protein
/ 1/53
,4/17/26, 10:23 PM Microbiology Exam 2
Envelope
Surrounds the virus as a whole.
*Synonymus to a somatic cell's Plasma Membrane. But around a virus.
***Composed of proteins, lipids and carbs.
*Could be covered in spikes
NOT ALL VIRUSES HAVE ENVELOPES
Spikes
Cover the envelope of the cell
Composed of protein and carbohydrates.
-Used for attachment to the host cell
Spikes differ, and can be identified as different virus by the host body. That's
why you can get the flu more than once a year, there's a change in spikes.
-Can be used for identification for some virsus under microscope.
/ 2/53
,4/17/26, 10:23 PM Microbiology Exam 2
Helical Capsid
Long rods that are flexible and rigid
These surround the Nucleic Acid.
*Capsids are hollow cylinders surrounding the nucleic acid.
*CAN OR CANNOT HAVE A ENVELOPE.
Without envelope = they look like long noodles, because it's just the capsid
and no sphereical shape
WITH the envelope = they look like balls, but with their Nucleic acids all
tangled inside.
Polyhedrical Capsid
These are icosahedron, and are 20 triangle shapes, with 12
corners. THEY CAN BE WITH OR WITHOUT ENVELOPE
-Without envelope, you can see their individual caposomere and their many
different triangular faces of the Capsid
WITH envelope, they appear ordinarily spherical, and like a normal cell. (Some
have spikes)
Complex Capsid
They have a variety of weird shapes within the one virus cell, and look just
straight up weird.
They can be bacteriaphages and just look mutuant
/ 3/53
, 4/17/26, 10:23 PM Microbiology Exam 2
Family names suffix for Taxonomy
-viridae
Ex. Herpesviridae
Genus name suffix Taxonomy
-virus
Genus Simplexvirus
Ex. Herpesvirus
Viral species
A group of viruses sharing the same genetic information and ecological niche
(niche=host)
Viral species are designated by descriptive common names, such as human
immunodeficiency virus (HIV),
Subspecies
They are determined by the NUMBER that is attached to the specific genus of
the family. These are viruses that can affect humans
HIV-1, HIV-2
/ 4/53
