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The anatomy of the intrinsic conduction system causes contraction of the ventricles to
begin at the apex and move superiorly. Why is this important?
View Available Hint(s)for Part A
-so blood is forced upward, toward the semilunar valves
-because the AV bundle is the only electrical connection between the atria and the
ventricles
-because the Purkinje fibers conduct action potentials away from the heart apex
-so the atria can finish contracting before the ventricles contract
so blood is forced upward, toward the semilunar valves
Which of the following statements is true about the SA (sinoatrial) node?
-Pacemaker cells in the SA node form a pathway between the SA and AV nodes.
-The pacemaker cells, which establish the heart rate, are located only in the SA node.
-The rate of spontaneous depolarization of nodal cells is the fastest in the SA node.
-The action potential created by the pacemaker cells of the SA node directly stimulates
the contractile cells of both the atria and ventricles.
The rate of spontaneous depolarization of nodal cells is the fastest in the SA node.
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The P wave of the electrocardiogram is closely followed by _______ _.
contraction of both ventricles
relaxation of both atria
contraction of both atria
relaxation of the ventricles
contraction of both atria
What is the function of the gap junction within this structure indicated by the red arrow?
allow for the cardiac muscle to produce ATP
permit strong connections between adjacent cells allow for muscle shortening of the
cardiac cell
propagate action potentials from cell to cell
propagate action potentials from cell to cell
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On an ECG, what phase of the cardiac cycle is masked by the QRS complex?
atrial repolarization
ventricular repolarization
ventricular depolarization
atrial depolarization
atrial repolarization
In cardiac muscle,
-calcium ions are not released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum.
-calcium ions play no role in the process of contraction.
-about 20 percent of the calcium ion required for contraction comes from
outside the cell.
-calcium ions do not bind to troponin molecules.
-calcium ions play an important role in repolarizing the membrane after the
depolarization phase.
about 20 percent of the calcium ion required for contraction comes from
outside the cell.
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Which of the following will receive electrical impulses next after the structure
indicated by the red arrow?
apex of the heart
auricles of the right and left atria
interventricular septum
pacemaker cells
interventricular septum
Cardiac muscle cells and skeletal muscle cells differ in a few ways. Which of the following
is not one of them?
Cardiac muscle cells have a single, centered nucleus.
Cardiac muscle cells lack transverse tubules.
Skeletal muscle cells lack intercalated discs.
Cardiac muscle cells branch.
Cardiac muscle cells are smaller in size.
Cardiac muscle cells lack transverse tubules.
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