PSYCH 140 EXAM #1 QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026

PSYCH 140 EXAM #1 QUESTIONS ANSWERED CORRECTLY LATEST UPDATE 2026 Coping behavior that permits people to meet the demands of the environment is called ______. - Answers adjustment Seligman believes that boosting happiness involves each of the following fundamental challenges EXCEPT ______. - Answers becoming immersed in religious devotion and spiritual development The average teenage girl in the United States receives or sends about ______ text messages per month. - Answers 4000 The key problem with multitasking is one of ______. - Answers divided attention In a study to measure the effects of a new drug to treat anxiety, some subjects are given the real drug while others are given sugar pills. In this situation, the sugar pills are being used as ______. - Answers a placebo In a study by O'Donnell and Epstein (2019) it was found that smartphones are more reinforcing than ______. - Answers food The term gender refers to a ______ concept, and the term sex refers to a ______ concept. - Answers psychosocial, biological The psychology of adjustment provides ______ approach to coping with the challenges of life. - Answers a scientific In the 5-HTTLPR Transporter Gene, the _________ allele has been connected with resilience in college students. - Answers long Each of the following is a feature of critical thinking EXCEPT ______. - Answers being cynical Jung and Adler both believed that Freud placed too much emphasis on ______. - Answers sexual impulses A man who is scolded by his boss and then yells at the employees who work for him, rather than the boss who upset him in the first place, is using the defense mechanism of ______. - Answers displacement People with positive self-efficacy tend to have ______ self-esteem and are ______ likely to attempt difficult tasks. - Answers high; more A little girl learns to be great at math and science because she receives a lot of praise and attention for getting A's in math and science. This is an example of ______. - Answers positive reinforcement Amy smokes, drinks, overeats, and bites her nails. Freud would probably diagnose her as being fixated in the ______ stage of development. - Answers oral An unconscious function of the ego that protects it from anxiety-evoking material by preventing accurate recognition of this material is, according to Freud, a(n) ______. - Answers defense mechanism The conflict which Erikson felt characterized infancy (birth to 1 year) was ______. - Answers trust vs. mistrust A parent wants to help her child develop self-esteem. If she follows Carl Rogers's guidelines, she will most likely provide the child with ______. - Answers unconditional positive regard Classical conditioning usually conditions _______ responses. Operant conditioning usually conditions ______ responses. - Answers involuntary, voluntary In social-cognitive theory, personal predictions about the outcomes of events, or the likely results of engaging in a response, such as "if-then" statements, are called ______. - Answers expectancies Jacob is trying to lower his stress by sitting quietly, breathing deeply, and tensing different groups of muscles for a few seconds then relaxing them completely. The method he is using is ______. - Answers progressive muscle relaxation Routine sources of annoyance or aggravation which have a negative impact on health are called ______. - Answers daily hassles According to your text, the process of being torn in two or more directions at the same time by opposing motives is called ______. - Answers conflict Regina feels that she cannot survive without the approval of others. This is what Ellis would call ______. - Answers an irrational belief Betty is constantly trying to be the best. For her, winning is everything. She feels constant time pressure and always keeps one eye glued on the clock. She has little patience with others and expects them to be as ambitious as she is. Her behavior is typical of a(n) ______ personality. - Answers Type A Which of the following is NOT true of stress? - Answers Of all life changes, only negative life changes are stressful. The thwarting of a motive to attain a goal, or something that prevents us from doing or getting what we desire produces ______. - Answers frustration Our perceptions of our ability to bring about change in our environment and withstand stress are our ______. - Answers self-efficacy expectations The LEAST stressful form of conflict is ______ conflict. - Answers approach-approach Which of the following is NOT one of the methods described in your text as an effective psychological method for coping with pain? - Answers catastrophizing When you have been in the alarm reaction stage and the threat is removed, the ______ nervous system takes control of the body. - Answers parasympathetic Nancy is a psychologist studying the relationships between psychological factors and the prevention and treatment of physical illness. Her field of study is ______. - Answers Health Psychology The general adaptation syndrome has ______ stages. - Answers 3 Of the following, the behavior linked to the most preventable deaths each year in the United States is ______. - Answers smoking Research has found that in response to stress ______ tend to exhibit the so-called "tend-and-befriend" response. - Answers females but not males According to your text, the fight-or-flight reaction is the same as the ______. - Answers alarm reaction stage The sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions of the autonomic nervous system have ______ effects. - Answers largely opposite Rhonda is upset at the way she was just treated by her boss. Although her feelings are temporary, because normally she likes her boss, right now she is thoroughly hurt and frustrated with him. Her feelings are best described as ______. - Answers anger Anxiety tends to motivate ______. - Answers escape behavior A woman who finds herself impatient and fidgeting while stuck in traffic or waiting in line is activating the ______. - Answers sympathetic nervous system 5-HTTLPR Serotonin Transporter Gene - Answers Long Allele: resilience in college students Short Allele: lower up-take of serotonin Positive Psychology (Seligman) - Answers -Gratitude Visit -3 blessings -one door closes, another opens -savorings Scientific Method - Answers obtaining scientific evidence in which a hypothesis is formed and tested Case Study Method - Answers research based (interviews; tests) Survey Method - Answers learn about attitudes and behavior (Interviews; questionaries) Naturalistic Observation - Answers organisms are observed in natural environments Correlation Method - Answers studies the relationships between variables Experimental Method - Answers (cause and effect) Double-blind Studies - Answers no one given treatment (researcher nor subjects) SQ3R Method - Answers Survey Question Read, Recite, Review Personality - Answers patterns of behavior, thoughts, and feelings Psychodynamic Theory (Sigmund Freud) - Answers -personality characterized by dynamic struggle Freud's Structure of Personality - Answers id, ego, superego id - Answers completely unconscious and operates on the "pleasure principle" ego - Answers most work in conscious superego - Answers part of the personality that acts as a moral center Repression - Answers ejection of anxiety-evoking ideas. (DM) Regression - Answers return to earlier behavior (due to stress) (DM) Rationalization - Answers self-deceiving justifications (DM) Displacement - Answers transfer of ideas and impluses from threatening to less frightening objects. (DM) Projection - Answers giving one's own unacceptable impulses to another (DM) Reaction Formation - Answers behaving in opposition to one's genuine impulses. (DM) Denial - Answers refusal to accept truth (DM) Sublimation - Answers negative to positive (DM) ORAL stage - Answers (first psychosexual stage) sexual pleasure with oral activities leads to: -smoking -gullibility -alcohol -nail biting ANAL stage - Answers (second psychosexual stage) a child learns to control his bodily excretions (eliminations) PHALLIC stage - Answers (third psychosexual stage) Genitals Oepidus Complex (MALE) - Answers a boy's sexual desires toward his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for the rival father Electra Complex (FEMALE) - Answers counterpart to the Oedipus complex for females Latency Stage - Answers psychosexual stage in which sexual impulses are submerged into the unconscious Genital Stage - Answers (puberty on) maturation of sexual interests Carl Jung (Neo-Freudian) - Answers collective unconscious Adler (Neo-Freudian) - Answers Inferiority complex, psychoanalytic Karen Horney (Neo-Freudian) - Answers interpersonal relationships were more important than sexual impulses Erik Erikson - Answers Classic Conditioning - Answers a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events Unconditioned Stimulus (the meat) - Answers response without learning Unconditioned Response (salivation) - Answers natural response (not learned) Conditioned Stimulus (the tone) - Answers paired with the stimulus Conditioned Response (Salivates to tone) - Answers response to conditioned stimulus Reciprocal Determinism (Albert Bandura) Bobo Doll experiment - Answers people influence environment like how the environment influences them expectancies - Answers Personal predictions about the outcomes of behaviors. Humanistic Theory existentialism - Answers the view that people are capable of free choice and fulfillment. Self-Actualization (Maslow) - Answers morality, creativity, spontaneity, problem solving, lack of prejudice, acceptance of facts Esteem (Maslow) - Answers self-esteem, confidence, achievement, respect of others, respect by others Love/Belonging (Maslow) - Answers friendship, family, sexual intimacy Safety (Maslow) - Answers security of body, of employment, of resources, of morality, of the family, of health, of property Physiological (Maslow) - Answers breathing, food, water, sex, sleep, homeostasis, excretion Roger's Self Theory - Answers -everyone is unique -unconditional positive reward (Unconditional love) The Five Factor Model - Answers openness, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, neuroticism Stress - Answers -an event that exerts physical or psychological force or pressure on a person -demand made on an organism to adjust Daily Hassles - Answers routine sources of annoyance or aggravation (negative) Life Changes - Answers major changes in life circumstances (positive or negative) Acculturative Stress - Answers dominant culture related anxiety or tension Frustration - Answers the thwarting of a desire to obtain a goal Conflict - Answers opposing motives approach-approach conflict - Answers a choice must be made between two attractive goals avoidance-avoidance conflict - Answers a choice must be made between two unattractive goals approach-avoidance conflict - Answers A conflict in which there are both appealing and negative aspects to the decision to be made. multiple approach-avoidance conflict - Answers A conflict in which one must choose between options that have both many attractive and many negative aspects.