CMN 574 FINAL EXAM QUESTIONS WITH
CORRECT SOLUTIONS|| 100%
GUARANTEED PASS|| UPDATED
2026/2027 SYLLABUS||ALREADY
GRADED A+||<<RECENT VERSION>>
What dx is most consistent with these findings? - ANSWER ✓ Metatarsus
ADDuctus
Metatarsus ADDuctus is a congenital deformity most often caused by positioning
within the mother's womb during pregnancy.
What complication is MOST often seen in patients with this if not corrected? -
ANSWER ✓ Hip dysplasia
What treatment is often used in metatarsus ADDuctus? - ANSWER ✓ Serial
casting / corrective shoes
2 yr. old presents to clinic with mother for wellness exam. Following vitals, you
ask mom to place patient on exam table for the physical exam portion of the visit.
You note the child to walk towards the table with knees turned inward during
ambulation.
What is your preliminary dx? What age is this considered normal? - ANSWER ✓
Genum valgum
Until 8 yr. old - then, refer to ortho
Bowlegged occurs in what diagnosis? At what age should you refer to ortho? -
ANSWER ✓ Genum varum
If present after 3yr
An unusually high arch is diagnosed as? - ANSWER ✓ Cavus foot
Hereditary
,Dx with XR/MRI
Tx: shoes
Upon foot exam of a DM patient, you note Hallux Valgus - the common name for
this is? - ANSWER ✓ bunions
6yr old patient presents to clinic with mother for wellness exam. This patient is
new to you, however - not new to the clinic. Upon review of the patient's chart, you
note your partner in the clinic had not yet reviewed imaging results scanned in last
week. The Xray reports was as follows: "medial deviation forefoot with plantar
flexion at the ankle joint."
You note this to be a finding of what? - ANSWER ✓ Talipes equinovarus -
clubfoot
What is the standard treatment for clubfoot? - ANSWER ✓ Ponsetti technique
[serial casting �brace w/stretching of foot - 1/wk for at least 6-8wk]
What finding is considered a complication that you must assess for when caring
for a patient with clubfoot? - ANSWER ✓ Spine abnormalities
7yr presents to clinic with c/o pain with ROM of left elbow. You note mild
swelling, erythema, and tenderness to palpation to that area.
What is your NEXT action as the NP? - ANSWER ✓ Evaluate patient for possible
injury or infectious process.
Acute bursitis is NOT common in children and should not be your first diagnosis.
Tenosynovitis commonly affects the ______ and ______. The treatment for this
is? - ANSWER ✓ Knees / Feet
Rest with limited NSAIDs
12-year-old boy presents to clinic with complaints of knee pain. You elicit from
his history that he plays baseball. Denies recent trauma.
What do you suspect is the diagnosis? What is the treatment? - ANSWER ✓
Osgood-Schlatter disease
,- Common cause of knee pain in boys ages 10-15yr who play sports that require
frequent running & jumping
- Occurs in adolescents who are still growing
- Treatment: reduce activity that makes it worse, ice painful area, use kneepads,
anti-inflammatories PRN
When assessing a patient c/o hip pain, you know that no femoral head contact with
pelvis is indicative of what? - ANSWER ✓ Dislocated hip
When assessing a patient c/o hip pain s/p fall - displacement with movement is
indicative of what? - ANSWER ✓ Subluxated hip
During a 1mo wellness exam, you see your preceptor hands placed over the child's
knees with her thumbs on the medial thigh, fingers placing a gentle upward stress
on the lateral thigh / greater trochanter area.
With slow ABuction, you recognize this maneuver as? - ANSWER ✓ Ortolani test
- hip back in place
During a 1mo wellness exam, you see your preceptor hands placed over the child's
knees with her thumbs on the medial thigh, guiding hips into mild ADDuction
while applying slight forward pressure with the thumb.
You recognize this maneuver as? - ANSWER ✓ Barlow test - clunk [pop out]
(FYI) Infants - degree of instability can be described as: - ANSWER ✓ -
Dislocated and reducible: +Ortolani
- Dislocated and irreducible: -Ortolani
- Dislocatable: +Barlow
- Subluxated: hip with mild instability or laxity with a -Barlow maneuver
What diagnostic test would you order to confirm suspicion of hip dysplasia in
child <6wk old (THIS IS CONSIDERED A NEWBORN)? - ANSWER ✓ US
After 2-3 months of age, Barlow and Ortolani maneuvers are less sensitive.
What other physical findings would you note to suggest possible hip dysplasia? -
ANSWER ✓ - Asymmetrical thigh / gluteal folds
, - Leg on affected side turns outwards - Space between legs may look wider than
normal
- Tight hip adductors with DECREASED hip abduction
What diagnostic test would you order to confirm suspicion of hip dysplasia in
child >6wk old (Meaning: 6 weeks and 1 day)? - ANSWER ✓ XR
In treating hip dysplasia, the _____________ is appropriate treatment method to
use up to _____ months? - ANSWER ✓ Pavlik harness
4 months
Hip dysplasia presentation in the walking child >5yr (uncorrected) - you expect to
see what upon physical exam? - ANSWER ✓ Painless limp with short leg gait
Trendelenburg sign [pelvis dip when standing on affected leg]
A 14y male presents to clinic with pain noted to groin area. When ambulating to
exam table you note limp, obvious grimacing from patient. During exam, you note
obligatory external rotation during passive flexion of hip.
What is your NEXT action as the NP caring for this patient? - ANSWER ✓
Immediately order no weight bearing and consult Ortho
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis [11-16y males, r/t rapid growth]
A 13-year-old overweight patient presents to the ED with left knee pain and is
lying in bed with his hip slightly flexed. He is found on imaging to have a severe
slipped capital femoral epiphysis. If his leg is not manipulated for imaging, in what
abnormal position is his left hip most likely to appear on an anteroposterior pelvic
radiograph?
A: Internal rotation
B: External rotation
C: Extension
D: Abduction
E: Adduction - ANSWER ✓ B: Drehmann sign is the obligatory external rotation
during passive flexion of the hip
What is the recommended XR view to obtain for a patient with SCFE? -
ANSWER ✓ AP and frog-leg lateral of BILATERAL hips
CORRECT SOLUTIONS|| 100%
GUARANTEED PASS|| UPDATED
2026/2027 SYLLABUS||ALREADY
GRADED A+||<<RECENT VERSION>>
What dx is most consistent with these findings? - ANSWER ✓ Metatarsus
ADDuctus
Metatarsus ADDuctus is a congenital deformity most often caused by positioning
within the mother's womb during pregnancy.
What complication is MOST often seen in patients with this if not corrected? -
ANSWER ✓ Hip dysplasia
What treatment is often used in metatarsus ADDuctus? - ANSWER ✓ Serial
casting / corrective shoes
2 yr. old presents to clinic with mother for wellness exam. Following vitals, you
ask mom to place patient on exam table for the physical exam portion of the visit.
You note the child to walk towards the table with knees turned inward during
ambulation.
What is your preliminary dx? What age is this considered normal? - ANSWER ✓
Genum valgum
Until 8 yr. old - then, refer to ortho
Bowlegged occurs in what diagnosis? At what age should you refer to ortho? -
ANSWER ✓ Genum varum
If present after 3yr
An unusually high arch is diagnosed as? - ANSWER ✓ Cavus foot
Hereditary
,Dx with XR/MRI
Tx: shoes
Upon foot exam of a DM patient, you note Hallux Valgus - the common name for
this is? - ANSWER ✓ bunions
6yr old patient presents to clinic with mother for wellness exam. This patient is
new to you, however - not new to the clinic. Upon review of the patient's chart, you
note your partner in the clinic had not yet reviewed imaging results scanned in last
week. The Xray reports was as follows: "medial deviation forefoot with plantar
flexion at the ankle joint."
You note this to be a finding of what? - ANSWER ✓ Talipes equinovarus -
clubfoot
What is the standard treatment for clubfoot? - ANSWER ✓ Ponsetti technique
[serial casting �brace w/stretching of foot - 1/wk for at least 6-8wk]
What finding is considered a complication that you must assess for when caring
for a patient with clubfoot? - ANSWER ✓ Spine abnormalities
7yr presents to clinic with c/o pain with ROM of left elbow. You note mild
swelling, erythema, and tenderness to palpation to that area.
What is your NEXT action as the NP? - ANSWER ✓ Evaluate patient for possible
injury or infectious process.
Acute bursitis is NOT common in children and should not be your first diagnosis.
Tenosynovitis commonly affects the ______ and ______. The treatment for this
is? - ANSWER ✓ Knees / Feet
Rest with limited NSAIDs
12-year-old boy presents to clinic with complaints of knee pain. You elicit from
his history that he plays baseball. Denies recent trauma.
What do you suspect is the diagnosis? What is the treatment? - ANSWER ✓
Osgood-Schlatter disease
,- Common cause of knee pain in boys ages 10-15yr who play sports that require
frequent running & jumping
- Occurs in adolescents who are still growing
- Treatment: reduce activity that makes it worse, ice painful area, use kneepads,
anti-inflammatories PRN
When assessing a patient c/o hip pain, you know that no femoral head contact with
pelvis is indicative of what? - ANSWER ✓ Dislocated hip
When assessing a patient c/o hip pain s/p fall - displacement with movement is
indicative of what? - ANSWER ✓ Subluxated hip
During a 1mo wellness exam, you see your preceptor hands placed over the child's
knees with her thumbs on the medial thigh, fingers placing a gentle upward stress
on the lateral thigh / greater trochanter area.
With slow ABuction, you recognize this maneuver as? - ANSWER ✓ Ortolani test
- hip back in place
During a 1mo wellness exam, you see your preceptor hands placed over the child's
knees with her thumbs on the medial thigh, guiding hips into mild ADDuction
while applying slight forward pressure with the thumb.
You recognize this maneuver as? - ANSWER ✓ Barlow test - clunk [pop out]
(FYI) Infants - degree of instability can be described as: - ANSWER ✓ -
Dislocated and reducible: +Ortolani
- Dislocated and irreducible: -Ortolani
- Dislocatable: +Barlow
- Subluxated: hip with mild instability or laxity with a -Barlow maneuver
What diagnostic test would you order to confirm suspicion of hip dysplasia in
child <6wk old (THIS IS CONSIDERED A NEWBORN)? - ANSWER ✓ US
After 2-3 months of age, Barlow and Ortolani maneuvers are less sensitive.
What other physical findings would you note to suggest possible hip dysplasia? -
ANSWER ✓ - Asymmetrical thigh / gluteal folds
, - Leg on affected side turns outwards - Space between legs may look wider than
normal
- Tight hip adductors with DECREASED hip abduction
What diagnostic test would you order to confirm suspicion of hip dysplasia in
child >6wk old (Meaning: 6 weeks and 1 day)? - ANSWER ✓ XR
In treating hip dysplasia, the _____________ is appropriate treatment method to
use up to _____ months? - ANSWER ✓ Pavlik harness
4 months
Hip dysplasia presentation in the walking child >5yr (uncorrected) - you expect to
see what upon physical exam? - ANSWER ✓ Painless limp with short leg gait
Trendelenburg sign [pelvis dip when standing on affected leg]
A 14y male presents to clinic with pain noted to groin area. When ambulating to
exam table you note limp, obvious grimacing from patient. During exam, you note
obligatory external rotation during passive flexion of hip.
What is your NEXT action as the NP caring for this patient? - ANSWER ✓
Immediately order no weight bearing and consult Ortho
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis [11-16y males, r/t rapid growth]
A 13-year-old overweight patient presents to the ED with left knee pain and is
lying in bed with his hip slightly flexed. He is found on imaging to have a severe
slipped capital femoral epiphysis. If his leg is not manipulated for imaging, in what
abnormal position is his left hip most likely to appear on an anteroposterior pelvic
radiograph?
A: Internal rotation
B: External rotation
C: Extension
D: Abduction
E: Adduction - ANSWER ✓ B: Drehmann sign is the obligatory external rotation
during passive flexion of the hip
What is the recommended XR view to obtain for a patient with SCFE? -
ANSWER ✓ AP and frog-leg lateral of BILATERAL hips
