Test Bank - Philosophies and Theories for Advanced Nursing Practice 4th Edition by Janie B. Butts, Karen L. Rich - Complete Elaborated and Latest Test Bank. ALL Chapters(1-26)Included and updated for 2024

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Chapter 1 – Philosophy of Science: An Introduction j j j j j j j




1. Whyare natural sciences also referred to as “pure” sciences?
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A. Theyjarejconsideredjstand-alonejbodiesjofjuniquejknowledge.
B. They are the onlysciences to which the scientific method can be applied.
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C. They are the original sciences upon which all others are based.
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D. They are not affected by subjectivity in the way other sciences are.
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Ans: A

2. Whichis not an example of an applied science as used in health care today?
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A. Social work hj


B. Psychotherapy
C. Examination of care disparities hj hj hj


D. Pathology

Ans: x j hj hj




3. Roberta firmly believes that individual experiences are the source of all knowledge in t
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he world. As a scientist, she acknowledges her role as a participant in the experiments s
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he
performs and does consider herself merely a disconnected observer of phenomenon. R
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oberta’s views are most closTelEySrT efB
leA
ctN
ivKe SofEw
LhLicEhRs.chCoOolMof scientific thought?

A. NaturalScienc hj


e B.HumanjScienc
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e
C. AppliedScience hj


D. SoftScience

Ans: B
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4. What is the ultimate goal of the scientific method?
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A. Application of scientific results to a related body of knowledge in order to me
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et some type of human need.
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B. Examination of the decisions made by a scientist to u nderstand the ways i
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n which subjectivity was introduced to the experiment.
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C. Reproduciblejexperimentaljresultsjthatjdojnotjtakejresearcherjindividualityjintojaccount.
D. Improvingthe situation or process used in the experiment to yield more accurate results
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inrepeatexperiments.
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Ans: C
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5. Which of the following best describes the aim of natural sciences?
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A. Affirmation of the importance of cultural understanding by uncovering th
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e common subjective biases of different disciplines.
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B. Improvement of the quality of life byunderstanding what helps people maximize the
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ir functional abilities.
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C. Utilization of k nowledge by applying it to a specific purpose in order to better asituation or
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D. Developmentjofjknowledge jforjthe jsakejofjdeveloping jknowledge, x jdiscoveringjtruth,jan hj h j


jcontrolling
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Ans: D

6. Gretchen and Peter are graduate students in the same Physics lab. Their supervisor ha
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s asked both of them to perform the same experiment using the same procedure and equ
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ipment. After they’ve both completed their task, the compare their results and discover
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that they are nearly identical.
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Which of the five criteria for science does Gretchen and Peter’s discovery exemplify
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?

A. Intersubjectivejtestability
B. Reliability
C. Definiteness and precision hj hj


D. Coherence

Ans: A TESTBANKSELLER.COM
7. Which statement does not describe a general characteristic of philosophy?
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A. Thinking for the sake of thinking. hj hj hj hj hj


B. Utilization of process and outcome. hj hj hj hj hj


C. Demarcationjofjwholenessjandjholism.
D. Application of epistemology and ontology.
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Ans: C

8. Repetitive patterns of behavior dictated bypast experiences is an example of which source o
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f knowledge?
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A. Doctrine
B. Common sense hj


C. Tradition
D. Authorit

y Ans: C
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