NSG 354 PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS AND
DETAILED SOLUTIONS 2026
▶ tardive dyskinesia. Answer: involuntary tonic musc spasms of face and
jaw; protruding and rolling tongue, blowing and smacking
-offending med and anticholinergics need to be stopped
-affects 20%-30% of patients who have been treated for months or years
with neuroleptic medications. Patients who are older, are heavy smokers,
or have DM are at higher risk of developing
▶ Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome. Answer: greatly inc musc rigidity,
elevated temp, alt LOC, and autonomic dysfunction (dysrhythmia, BP
fluctuation, resp fail)
▶ NMS tx. Answer: bromocriptine or dantrolene
▶ first-gen antipsychotics. Answer: target pos symptoms of schizophrenia
-chlorpromazine
-fluphenazine
-haloperidol
-perphenazine
-loxapine
-inexpensive, available in PO and IM
-signif risk of side effects
▶ EPS tx. Answer: -IV/IM anticholinergics for acute dystonic reaction
(emergency)
Benztropine
Diphenhydramine
-Preventative assessment
AIMS
Psychiatrist to test every 3 months
-TX to lower dose of antipsychotic and prescribe anticholinergic
trihexyphenidyl
benztropine mesylate
DETAILED SOLUTIONS 2026
▶ tardive dyskinesia. Answer: involuntary tonic musc spasms of face and
jaw; protruding and rolling tongue, blowing and smacking
-offending med and anticholinergics need to be stopped
-affects 20%-30% of patients who have been treated for months or years
with neuroleptic medications. Patients who are older, are heavy smokers,
or have DM are at higher risk of developing
▶ Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome. Answer: greatly inc musc rigidity,
elevated temp, alt LOC, and autonomic dysfunction (dysrhythmia, BP
fluctuation, resp fail)
▶ NMS tx. Answer: bromocriptine or dantrolene
▶ first-gen antipsychotics. Answer: target pos symptoms of schizophrenia
-chlorpromazine
-fluphenazine
-haloperidol
-perphenazine
-loxapine
-inexpensive, available in PO and IM
-signif risk of side effects
▶ EPS tx. Answer: -IV/IM anticholinergics for acute dystonic reaction
(emergency)
Benztropine
Diphenhydramine
-Preventative assessment
AIMS
Psychiatrist to test every 3 months
-TX to lower dose of antipsychotic and prescribe anticholinergic
trihexyphenidyl
benztropine mesylate
