msu nur 323 - exam 2 - Activity and Mobility UPDATED ACTUAL Questions
and CORRECT Answers
Activity To engage in physical activity, an individual requires the ability to move
A fully integrated functioning musculoskeletal and nervous system is required
for movement to be purposeful and coordinated while maintaining alignment
Normal body alignment and posture •Permits optimal movement
• Reduces strain on muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments
Normal Balance •Wide base of support
• Lower center of gravity
,Normal coordinated body movement •Muscle work together to achieve purposeful movement
purposeful movement
• Use of flexors, extensors, abductors to lift, carry, push, pull, or move objects
Postural reflexes •Maintain body position and equilibrium at rest or with movement
automatic movements
• Sensory (In ear, sense of position), proprioception (location of a limb), visual
(Alert person of environment), extensor (over stretch leads to reflex contraction)
Factors affecting movement & alignment •Musculoskeletal alterations, illness and trauma that interfere with movement
• Congenital or Acquired Postural Abnormalities
• Problems with Bone Formation or Muscle Development
• Problems affecting JOINT Mobility
• Trauma affecting the musculoskeletal system (fractures, soft tissue injury)
• Problems affecting the Central Nervous System (motor cortex, basal ganglia,
spinal cord)
• Problems involving Other Body Systems
fracture break in the continuity of a bone or cartilage
Soft tissue injuries strains (least serious of these injuries, is a stretching of a muscle), sprains and
dislocations
, Mental health affecting movement & alignment •Affects appearance, movement and posture
Ex. Someone with depression doesn't want to get up and move.
Lifestyle affecting movement and alignment Active or sedentary dependent on multiple variables
Active people have higher ranges of motion than sedentary people
(e.g., occupation, leisure activity preferred, cultural influences)
Attitude and values affecting movement and alignment •Learned early, internalized over a lifetime
Ex. Growing up in a family that values exercise
Fatigue and stress affecting lifestyle factors Deplete body energy
External factors affecting movement and alignment Can be influencing or discouraging
Ex. Very cold outside don't want to leave bed
Adult assessment priorities •Balance between activity/rest in lifestyle
• Identify lifestyle factors/illnesses that interfere with mobility (or ability to carry
out activities of daily living (ADL) such as work
Nursing interventions for adults and mobility •Fitness counseling
• Clarify misconceptions about exercise
• Design and monitor exercise programs for safety
• Use special care when implementing strategies to those with mobility
alterations.
Older adult Assessment priorities •Overall ease of movement and gait
• Alignment
• Check joints and their function
• Examine muscle mass, tone, strength
and CORRECT Answers
Activity To engage in physical activity, an individual requires the ability to move
A fully integrated functioning musculoskeletal and nervous system is required
for movement to be purposeful and coordinated while maintaining alignment
Normal body alignment and posture •Permits optimal movement
• Reduces strain on muscles, joints, tendons, ligaments
Normal Balance •Wide base of support
• Lower center of gravity
,Normal coordinated body movement •Muscle work together to achieve purposeful movement
purposeful movement
• Use of flexors, extensors, abductors to lift, carry, push, pull, or move objects
Postural reflexes •Maintain body position and equilibrium at rest or with movement
automatic movements
• Sensory (In ear, sense of position), proprioception (location of a limb), visual
(Alert person of environment), extensor (over stretch leads to reflex contraction)
Factors affecting movement & alignment •Musculoskeletal alterations, illness and trauma that interfere with movement
• Congenital or Acquired Postural Abnormalities
• Problems with Bone Formation or Muscle Development
• Problems affecting JOINT Mobility
• Trauma affecting the musculoskeletal system (fractures, soft tissue injury)
• Problems affecting the Central Nervous System (motor cortex, basal ganglia,
spinal cord)
• Problems involving Other Body Systems
fracture break in the continuity of a bone or cartilage
Soft tissue injuries strains (least serious of these injuries, is a stretching of a muscle), sprains and
dislocations
, Mental health affecting movement & alignment •Affects appearance, movement and posture
Ex. Someone with depression doesn't want to get up and move.
Lifestyle affecting movement and alignment Active or sedentary dependent on multiple variables
Active people have higher ranges of motion than sedentary people
(e.g., occupation, leisure activity preferred, cultural influences)
Attitude and values affecting movement and alignment •Learned early, internalized over a lifetime
Ex. Growing up in a family that values exercise
Fatigue and stress affecting lifestyle factors Deplete body energy
External factors affecting movement and alignment Can be influencing or discouraging
Ex. Very cold outside don't want to leave bed
Adult assessment priorities •Balance between activity/rest in lifestyle
• Identify lifestyle factors/illnesses that interfere with mobility (or ability to carry
out activities of daily living (ADL) such as work
Nursing interventions for adults and mobility •Fitness counseling
• Clarify misconceptions about exercise
• Design and monitor exercise programs for safety
• Use special care when implementing strategies to those with mobility
alterations.
Older adult Assessment priorities •Overall ease of movement and gait
• Alignment
• Check joints and their function
• Examine muscle mass, tone, strength
