EXAM 2026-2027 ACTUAL COMPLETE REAL EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
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Autosomal Recessive Polycystic Kidney Disease - ANSWER -
Infant
Hepatic fibrosis, bilaterally enlarged kidneys with SMOOTH
EXTERNAL
SURFACE
Cysts in the cortex and medulla
Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease - ANSWER -
Adult 15-30 yrs
CYSTIC OUTER SURFACE, berry aneurysm (Circle of
Willis), cystic liver
Familial Juvenile Nephronophthisis - ANSWER
–Recessive
Starts during
childhood
Cystic, shrunken kidneys, fibrosis, polyuria, sodium wasting,
tubular acidosis
,Medullary Sponge Kidney - ANSWER -Adults
Cysts in collecting ducts may lead to stones
Non-invasive Papillary Carcinoma - ANSWER -Old men
History of smoking, painless hematuria, papillary mass in
bladder
Tendency to recur after resection
Gastroesophageal Refulx - ANSWER -Associated with hiatal
hernia
Achalasia - ANSWER -Dilation of the esophagus and absence of
peristalsis due
to loss of ganglion cells in the
myenteric plexus
Zenker Diverticulum - ANSWER -False diverticulum
immediately above upper
esophageal
sphincter
Traction Diverticulum - ANSWER -Response from fibrous
adhesions following
lymph node
infections (TB)
True
diverticulum
,Right anterior wall
common
Epiphrenic Diverticulum - ANSWER -False diverticulum (no
muscular wall)
Just above lower esophageal sphincter, right side, dysphagia,
regurgitation
Cirrhosis - ANSWER -Esophageal varices,
splenomegaly, hepatic
encephalopathy
Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm Pancreas -
ANSWER -Mucinous
cysts, bengin to
malignant
Head of
pancreas
Men
Larger pancreatic duct, no
"ovarian" stroma
Mucinous cystadenocarcinoma Pancreas - ANSWER
-Body or Tail
Painless, slow growing, benign to
malignant
95%
women
, Serous Cystadenoma Pancreas -
ANSWER -Benign
Women 70
yrs
0.1-0.3 cm straw-
colored fluid
Solid-pseudopapillary tumors - ANSWER -No epithelial
lining ("pseudo")
Young
Women
Solid and cystic components, and pain, hemorrhagic, large size
Most common site for gastric carcinomas to arise? -
ANSWER -Antropyloric
region of the lesser
curvature
Most common type of colonic polyps in children? - ANSWER -
Juvenile polyps
Kimmelstiel-Wilson Nodules - ANSWER -Nodular
glomerulosclerosis
Seen in diabetic
nephropathy
Accumulation in
mesangial matrix
Spike and dome
appearance