Praxis 5005 Physical Science Exam
with Accurate Solutions
Acceleration - ANS-measurement in change in an objects velocity; an object can
decrease speed, increase speed, or change direction
Formula: vf-vi
change in velocity/change in time
Atom - ANS-the smallest amount of an element; made up of protons (+ electrical
charged), neutrons (carry no electrical charge) and electrons (- electrical charge)
Centripetal force - ANS-when an object moves in a circular path, a force must be
directed toward the center of the circle in order to keep the motion going
Chemical properties of matter - ANS-substance usually changes into another kind of
substance ( cannot be undone)
ex: lemon juice turning brown when heated
Interference - ANS-two traveling waves which exist in the same medium will interfere
with each other; if their amplitudes add it is constructive interference and if they are "out
of phase" and subtract, they are destructive interference
Kinetic energy - ANS-energy in motion
ex: moving water and wind
Law of conservation of energy - ANS-energy can be transformed from one form into
another or transferred from one region to another but cannot be created or destroyed
Law of conservation of matter - ANS-matter or mass cannot be created or destroyed, it
can change from one form to the next; the amount of mass will be the same before and
after
Mass - ANS-a measure of the amount of matter in an object
Matter - ANS-takes up space and has mass
, Mixture - ANS-any combo of two or more substances in which the substances keep
their own properties
-homologous mixture is a solution
Molecule - ANS-the smallest particle of a substance that can exist independently and
still have all of the properties of that substance
-composed of atoms
Motion - ANS-objects is in motion when it is continuously changing its position relative
to a reference point
Newton's first law of motion - ANS-Law of inertia: an object at rest will remain at rest
and an object in motion will remain in motion at a constant velocity unless acted upon
by an external force
Newton's second law of motion - ANS-if a net force acts on an object, it will cause the
acceleration of the object
F = ma
force = mass x acceleration
Newton's third law of motion - ANS-for every action there is an equal and opposite
reaction
Newton's universal law of gravitation - ANS-every object in the universe attracts every
other object with a force directed along the line of centers for the two objects that is
proportional to the product of their masses; the more the masses of the objects the
larger the gravitational force between them
Physical properties of matter - ANS-can be observed or measured without changed the
composition of the substance (can be undone)
ex: odor, speed of evaporation, color, melting/freezing, mass, taste
Potential energy - ANS-energy measured in the amount of "work" it does; stored energy
ex: ball sitting at top of hill
Radiation - ANS-method of heat transfer that does not rely upon any contact between
the heat source and the heated object; heat can be transmitted through empty space by
thermal radiation called infrared radiation
ex: heat from sun, released from filament of bulb
with Accurate Solutions
Acceleration - ANS-measurement in change in an objects velocity; an object can
decrease speed, increase speed, or change direction
Formula: vf-vi
change in velocity/change in time
Atom - ANS-the smallest amount of an element; made up of protons (+ electrical
charged), neutrons (carry no electrical charge) and electrons (- electrical charge)
Centripetal force - ANS-when an object moves in a circular path, a force must be
directed toward the center of the circle in order to keep the motion going
Chemical properties of matter - ANS-substance usually changes into another kind of
substance ( cannot be undone)
ex: lemon juice turning brown when heated
Interference - ANS-two traveling waves which exist in the same medium will interfere
with each other; if their amplitudes add it is constructive interference and if they are "out
of phase" and subtract, they are destructive interference
Kinetic energy - ANS-energy in motion
ex: moving water and wind
Law of conservation of energy - ANS-energy can be transformed from one form into
another or transferred from one region to another but cannot be created or destroyed
Law of conservation of matter - ANS-matter or mass cannot be created or destroyed, it
can change from one form to the next; the amount of mass will be the same before and
after
Mass - ANS-a measure of the amount of matter in an object
Matter - ANS-takes up space and has mass
, Mixture - ANS-any combo of two or more substances in which the substances keep
their own properties
-homologous mixture is a solution
Molecule - ANS-the smallest particle of a substance that can exist independently and
still have all of the properties of that substance
-composed of atoms
Motion - ANS-objects is in motion when it is continuously changing its position relative
to a reference point
Newton's first law of motion - ANS-Law of inertia: an object at rest will remain at rest
and an object in motion will remain in motion at a constant velocity unless acted upon
by an external force
Newton's second law of motion - ANS-if a net force acts on an object, it will cause the
acceleration of the object
F = ma
force = mass x acceleration
Newton's third law of motion - ANS-for every action there is an equal and opposite
reaction
Newton's universal law of gravitation - ANS-every object in the universe attracts every
other object with a force directed along the line of centers for the two objects that is
proportional to the product of their masses; the more the masses of the objects the
larger the gravitational force between them
Physical properties of matter - ANS-can be observed or measured without changed the
composition of the substance (can be undone)
ex: odor, speed of evaporation, color, melting/freezing, mass, taste
Potential energy - ANS-energy measured in the amount of "work" it does; stored energy
ex: ball sitting at top of hill
Radiation - ANS-method of heat transfer that does not rely upon any contact between
the heat source and the heated object; heat can be transmitted through empty space by
thermal radiation called infrared radiation
ex: heat from sun, released from filament of bulb
