Science Praxis 5005 Elementary
Education Exam-Graded A
Plate tectonics - ANS-Movement of continents and changes in the Earth's crust caused
by internal forces
Atmosphere - ANS-dry gas (nitrogen, oxygen, argon carbon dioxide), water vapor, solid
particles
Troposphere - ANS-closest to Earth's surface (weather related activities)
Stratosphere - ANS-Very little water, ozone layer
Mesosphere - ANS-Coldest layer
Thermosphere - ANS-Layer extends upward into space
Mountains are caused by... - ANS-volcanic action or tectonic plate collisions
Folding - ANS-folding of rock layers, usually sedimentary rocks
Faulting - ANS-Fractures in Earth's crust because of tension
Volcanoes are... - ANS-the movement of magma through the crust and its emergence
as lava onto the Earth's surface
Active, Dormant, Extinct, and volcanoes - ANS-currently/building up to an eruption,
between eruptions but internal activity, and no longer erupting
Igneous rock formation - ANS-Intrusive: formed below Earth's surface. Extrusive:
formed at Earth's surface
Sedimentary Rocks - ANS-created when fluid sediments are transformed into solid
rocks. Cementation is when sediments are converted to sedimentary rocks
Igneous Rocks - ANS-classified according to their texture, composition, and the way
they formed. Made from magma (molten Rock)
Metamorphic rocks - ANS-formed by high temperatures and great pressure. Process is
called metamorphism.
, Minerals - ANS-natural, nonliving solids with a defined chemical composition and
crystalline structure
Glaciers - ANS-bodies of ice that move over the land due to gravity.
Fossil - ANS-remains or trace of an ancient organism
Erosion - ANS-transportation of surface materials by another moveable material (water,
wind, ice)
Deposition - ANS-AKA Sedimentation, process by which material from one area is
slowly deposited into another area. result of matter being eroded.
Weathering - ANS-breaking down of rocks at or near the Earth's Surface
The several eras - ANS-precambrain (no life), paleozoic (continents and sea animals),
Mesozoic (reptiles, new landforms), Cenozoic (ice age, mammals, humans evolving)
Stratigraphy - ANS-process of determining the age of rocks
Absolute Dating - ANS-the use of radioactivity to determine Earth's age
Planets - ANS-Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune
Mercury - ANS-Closest planet to the sun
Jupiter - ANS-Largest planet in the Solar System
Uranus - ANS-Third largest planet - gaseous planet
Pluto - ANS-dwarf planet
Sun: The Core - ANS-inner portion of the sun - fusion takes place
Sun: photosphere - ANS-surface of the sun, produces sunspots
Sun: chromosphere - ANS-Hydrogen gas causes this portion to be red
Sun: The corona - ANS-The transparent area of the sun visible only during a total
eclipse.
Stars - ANS-a ball of hot, glowing gas that is hot enough and dense enough to trigger
nuclear reactions.
How do astronomers measure the brightness of a star? - ANS-astronomers measure
the brightness of a star by measuring its magnitude.
Education Exam-Graded A
Plate tectonics - ANS-Movement of continents and changes in the Earth's crust caused
by internal forces
Atmosphere - ANS-dry gas (nitrogen, oxygen, argon carbon dioxide), water vapor, solid
particles
Troposphere - ANS-closest to Earth's surface (weather related activities)
Stratosphere - ANS-Very little water, ozone layer
Mesosphere - ANS-Coldest layer
Thermosphere - ANS-Layer extends upward into space
Mountains are caused by... - ANS-volcanic action or tectonic plate collisions
Folding - ANS-folding of rock layers, usually sedimentary rocks
Faulting - ANS-Fractures in Earth's crust because of tension
Volcanoes are... - ANS-the movement of magma through the crust and its emergence
as lava onto the Earth's surface
Active, Dormant, Extinct, and volcanoes - ANS-currently/building up to an eruption,
between eruptions but internal activity, and no longer erupting
Igneous rock formation - ANS-Intrusive: formed below Earth's surface. Extrusive:
formed at Earth's surface
Sedimentary Rocks - ANS-created when fluid sediments are transformed into solid
rocks. Cementation is when sediments are converted to sedimentary rocks
Igneous Rocks - ANS-classified according to their texture, composition, and the way
they formed. Made from magma (molten Rock)
Metamorphic rocks - ANS-formed by high temperatures and great pressure. Process is
called metamorphism.
, Minerals - ANS-natural, nonliving solids with a defined chemical composition and
crystalline structure
Glaciers - ANS-bodies of ice that move over the land due to gravity.
Fossil - ANS-remains or trace of an ancient organism
Erosion - ANS-transportation of surface materials by another moveable material (water,
wind, ice)
Deposition - ANS-AKA Sedimentation, process by which material from one area is
slowly deposited into another area. result of matter being eroded.
Weathering - ANS-breaking down of rocks at or near the Earth's Surface
The several eras - ANS-precambrain (no life), paleozoic (continents and sea animals),
Mesozoic (reptiles, new landforms), Cenozoic (ice age, mammals, humans evolving)
Stratigraphy - ANS-process of determining the age of rocks
Absolute Dating - ANS-the use of radioactivity to determine Earth's age
Planets - ANS-Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, and Neptune
Mercury - ANS-Closest planet to the sun
Jupiter - ANS-Largest planet in the Solar System
Uranus - ANS-Third largest planet - gaseous planet
Pluto - ANS-dwarf planet
Sun: The Core - ANS-inner portion of the sun - fusion takes place
Sun: photosphere - ANS-surface of the sun, produces sunspots
Sun: chromosphere - ANS-Hydrogen gas causes this portion to be red
Sun: The corona - ANS-The transparent area of the sun visible only during a total
eclipse.
Stars - ANS-a ball of hot, glowing gas that is hot enough and dense enough to trigger
nuclear reactions.
How do astronomers measure the brightness of a star? - ANS-astronomers measure
the brightness of a star by measuring its magnitude.
