EMD COURSE LATEST 2026 QUESTIONS AND
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔The Nervous System - ✔✔The part of your body that controls all of your body
functions and allows for interaction with the outside world through sensation
✔✔The Nervous System is made of three smaller subsystems; the Central Nervous
System, the Peripheral Nervous System and the Autonomic Nervous System - ✔✔Each
of these systems is described below
1. The Central Nervous System is made up of the brain and the spinal cord
2. The Peripheral Nervous System is made up of motor and sensory nerves
3. The Autonomic Nervous System is also made up of motor nerves, like the peripheral
nervous system
- It provides automatic and unconscious monitoring and regulation of internal body
functions (like heartbeat, bronchial diameter, etc.)
✔✔The Spinal Cord - ✔✔The following may indicate a spinal cord injury:
- Numbness, tingling, or loss of sensation in any extremity
- Motor dysfunction, paralysis, or inability to move extremities
Any fall victim reported to be unconscious or with associated head or facial injuries
should be assumed to have a spinal cord injury
✔✔The Circulatory System - ✔✔The circulatory system carries blood to and from all
parts of the body. The blood takes nutrients and oxygen (02) to the cells of the body and
takes carbon dioxide (C02) and other waste products from the cells for removal from the
body. The circulatory system is made up of the heart, arteries, veins and capillaries, and
blood
✔✔Arteries - ✔✔- Carry oxygenated blood (blood that is carrying oxygen to cells) away
from the heart to the body
- Arteries have thick walls that expand and shrink as blood goes through them
- They get smaller the further they get from the heart
- Most arteries are protected from damage by being buried deep within the muscles or
being protected by bones.
If cut, arteries bleed a lot of bright red blood that comes out in "spurts"
✔✔Veins - ✔✔- Carry blood toward the heart
-This blood has dropped its oxygen payload off for use by the cells and carries cell
waste products and carbon dioxide away from the cells, to be eliminated from the body
- Veins get larger as you get closer to the heart and do not expand or contract like
arteries.
- If cut, they too can bleed a lot.
- However, this blood "flows" (not spurts) from the wound and is a dark red color.
, ✔✔Capillaries - ✔✔- Are thin-walled vessels.
- Carry oxygenated blood from the arteries to the cells of the body and exchange it for
carbon dioxide and other waste products made by the cells.
✔✔Blood - ✔✔- Made. of plasma
- Red blood cells carry oxygen to the cells and carbon dioxide away from the body
- White blood cells fight diseases, and platelets are used to create clots.
✔✔95% of bleeding stops with direct pressure - ✔✔
✔✔An average person has 5-6 liters of blood in their body - ✔✔
✔✔Blood clotting takes 6-10 minutes - ✔✔
✔✔The recommended means for control of bleeding is: - ✔✔Direct pressure
✔✔The Respiratory System - ✔✔- Is the system that makes/lets us breathe.
- It takes in the oxygen we need and is responsible for carrying out waste products, like
excess water and carbon dioxide.
- It is absolutely necessary to the survival of a human that breathing continues
- If breathing stops, the person will die
- Airway obstructions can occur at any point in the respiratory system
- It is important to note this and that obstructions do not just occur in the "throat"
✔✔Agonal Respirations - ✔✔- Breaths that occur after cardiac arrest
- Ineffective in gathering oxygen for the body
- Frequently described as:
- Weak
- Heavy
- Gasping
- Moaning
✔✔The Digestive System - ✔✔- Responsible for eating, digesting food and liquids, and
eliminating wastes
✔✔The Musculoskeletal System - ✔✔- Vital organs like lungs and heart are protected
by bones
- Muscles are attached to bones
- Muscles allow you to move through their contracting and relaxing actions
- They also help us breathe (diaphragm), they help circulate blood (the heart is a
muscle) and they aid in digestion (the stomach)
✔✔The Genito-Urinary System - ✔✔- Made of organs of waste, elimination, and
reproduction
SOLUTIONS RATED A+
✔✔The Nervous System - ✔✔The part of your body that controls all of your body
functions and allows for interaction with the outside world through sensation
✔✔The Nervous System is made of three smaller subsystems; the Central Nervous
System, the Peripheral Nervous System and the Autonomic Nervous System - ✔✔Each
of these systems is described below
1. The Central Nervous System is made up of the brain and the spinal cord
2. The Peripheral Nervous System is made up of motor and sensory nerves
3. The Autonomic Nervous System is also made up of motor nerves, like the peripheral
nervous system
- It provides automatic and unconscious monitoring and regulation of internal body
functions (like heartbeat, bronchial diameter, etc.)
✔✔The Spinal Cord - ✔✔The following may indicate a spinal cord injury:
- Numbness, tingling, or loss of sensation in any extremity
- Motor dysfunction, paralysis, or inability to move extremities
Any fall victim reported to be unconscious or with associated head or facial injuries
should be assumed to have a spinal cord injury
✔✔The Circulatory System - ✔✔The circulatory system carries blood to and from all
parts of the body. The blood takes nutrients and oxygen (02) to the cells of the body and
takes carbon dioxide (C02) and other waste products from the cells for removal from the
body. The circulatory system is made up of the heart, arteries, veins and capillaries, and
blood
✔✔Arteries - ✔✔- Carry oxygenated blood (blood that is carrying oxygen to cells) away
from the heart to the body
- Arteries have thick walls that expand and shrink as blood goes through them
- They get smaller the further they get from the heart
- Most arteries are protected from damage by being buried deep within the muscles or
being protected by bones.
If cut, arteries bleed a lot of bright red blood that comes out in "spurts"
✔✔Veins - ✔✔- Carry blood toward the heart
-This blood has dropped its oxygen payload off for use by the cells and carries cell
waste products and carbon dioxide away from the cells, to be eliminated from the body
- Veins get larger as you get closer to the heart and do not expand or contract like
arteries.
- If cut, they too can bleed a lot.
- However, this blood "flows" (not spurts) from the wound and is a dark red color.
, ✔✔Capillaries - ✔✔- Are thin-walled vessels.
- Carry oxygenated blood from the arteries to the cells of the body and exchange it for
carbon dioxide and other waste products made by the cells.
✔✔Blood - ✔✔- Made. of plasma
- Red blood cells carry oxygen to the cells and carbon dioxide away from the body
- White blood cells fight diseases, and platelets are used to create clots.
✔✔95% of bleeding stops with direct pressure - ✔✔
✔✔An average person has 5-6 liters of blood in their body - ✔✔
✔✔Blood clotting takes 6-10 minutes - ✔✔
✔✔The recommended means for control of bleeding is: - ✔✔Direct pressure
✔✔The Respiratory System - ✔✔- Is the system that makes/lets us breathe.
- It takes in the oxygen we need and is responsible for carrying out waste products, like
excess water and carbon dioxide.
- It is absolutely necessary to the survival of a human that breathing continues
- If breathing stops, the person will die
- Airway obstructions can occur at any point in the respiratory system
- It is important to note this and that obstructions do not just occur in the "throat"
✔✔Agonal Respirations - ✔✔- Breaths that occur after cardiac arrest
- Ineffective in gathering oxygen for the body
- Frequently described as:
- Weak
- Heavy
- Gasping
- Moaning
✔✔The Digestive System - ✔✔- Responsible for eating, digesting food and liquids, and
eliminating wastes
✔✔The Musculoskeletal System - ✔✔- Vital organs like lungs and heart are protected
by bones
- Muscles are attached to bones
- Muscles allow you to move through their contracting and relaxing actions
- They also help us breathe (diaphragm), they help circulate blood (the heart is a
muscle) and they aid in digestion (the stomach)
✔✔The Genito-Urinary System - ✔✔- Made of organs of waste, elimination, and
reproduction
