, .
1. Topic: the general subject of the the text
2. Main idea: the key message or thesis of the text
3. Key points: key points and their supporting details develop the main idea
4. Summary: a brief restatement of the main idea and the most important key points and
details
5. Inference: a conclusion reached by critical thinking, reading between the lines,
applying logic to facts and evidence while recognizing context clues
6. Inference (explicit): clearly stated
7. Inference (implied): implied; not directly stated
8. Conclusion: a deduction made about an unstated outcome based on prediction,
details, evidence, and results
9. Descriptive: includes sensory details to create a clear mental picture for the reader
10. Expository: informs, explains, or tells how to do something; uses only facts and
examples
11. Narrative: tells a story to entertain, inform, or challenge
12. Persuasive: includes facts and strong opinions to make the reader feel, think, or
behave a certain way
13. Bias: tendency toward a preconceived idea
14. Connotative meaning: the implied meaning of a word, with assumptions or an
emotional charge
attached to it
15. Denotative meaning: the standard dictionary definition of a word
16. Rhetorical device: stylistic language used to have an emotional or persuasive effect
on the reader
17. Tone: the writer's attitude or emotions concerning the topic
18. Argument: a point the author believes
19. Compare and Contrast: to compare means to look for similarities; to contrast
means to look for differences
20. Prediction: a reader's guess of what could happen, based on details found in the
text
, .
21. Primary source: a firsthand, unaltered document by the original author or creator;
includes novels, letters, original research papers, datasets, paintings photographs
22. Secondary source: a document that analyzes, discusses, or reproduces a primary
source; includes textbooks and many other nonfiction books, review articles,
biographies
23. Tertiary source: a reference work that consolidates information from primary and
secondary sources; includes encyclopedias, handbooks, study guides
24. PEMDAS: parentheses, exponents, multiplication, division, addition, and subtraction
25. Least common denominator: the smallest number into which two or more
denominators will divide evenly
26 Decimals: represent parts of a whole
27. Ratio: a comparison between the quantity of one item and the quantity of another
item
28. Mean: the average of a set of numbers
29. Median: the middle number
30. Mode: the number that appears most often in a set of numbers
31. Range: measures the spread of a given set of numbers
32. Area: the amount of space within the boundary of the shape
33. Perimeter: the distance around the shape
34. Volume: the amount of space the object occupies or can hold, as measured in cubic
units
35. Pythagorean theorem: applies to right triangles; a^2 + b^2 = c^2
36. Acute angles: angles <90 degrees
37. Hypotenuse: the side opposite the right angle
38. Straight angle: 180 degree angle
39. Celsius to Fahrenheit: (C x 1.8) + 32
40. Fahrenheit to Celsius: (F - 32) / 1.8
41. Independent variable: can be manipulated
42. Dependent variable: the variable that is a possible effect
43. Balance: instrument used to measure an object's mass
44. Correlation: the relationship between variables