McGill Social Psych 215 M1
emotional contagion - CORRECT ANSWER-extent to which an emotional display by
one person influences the emotional state of a bystander
CS:
Kramer et al. (2014) manipulated person's news feed for the week → IV: exposure to
emotional content, DV: mood
Results: did provide evidence of causality
Doherty (1998) IV: videotape of woman explaining experimental procedures in which
the woman happy or sad, DV: participant shown 10 photos of faces (5 positive, 5
negative) to make ratings of emotional intensity → participants in sad video condition
reported sad moods, demonstrating contagion effect
operational definition - CORRECT ANSWER-definition of a variable in terms of a
process used in your research
correlational research - CORRECT ANSWER-0 → unrelated, 1 → perfectly related
Negative correlation = the more you get of one thing, the less you get of the other
Height/weight = positive correlation, # of absences and GPA = negative correlation
self-selection bias - CORRECT ANSWER-allowing participants to somehow determine
which condition they are in
Construal - CORRECT ANSWER-people's interpretation + inference about
stimuli/situations you confront
Schema - CORRECT ANSWER-knowledge structures consisting of any organized body
of stored info
CS:
Simon & Chabris → made participants watch a video of a game of catch where a gorilla
walks through the middle → only half the participants saw it → schemas can be so
strong they prevent us from seeing even very dramatic stimuli we don't expect to see
declarative knowledge - CORRECT ANSWER-knowledge about types of people/social
situations
CS:
, Anderson & Cole (1990) Significant Other Concepts → people listed traits they liked
about their partner (attractive, moody, sarcastic, likes rap, etc.) → two weeks later they
are given adjectives about random person including some of the same as before, then
asked participant do you think she is sarcastic? Do you think she likes rap? → they
answered yes, showing associative networks
procedural knowledge - CORRECT ANSWER-knowing how (rules, skills, habits for
thinking/acting)
How social knowledge affects Memory (2 CS) - CORRECT ANSWER-Hamilton, Katz, &
Leirer (1980): gave list of behavioral info → asked one group to form an impression and
one group to remember as many of the traits as possible → people actually recall more
when forming an impression rather than trying to remember → in the impression-
formation condition, info was linked to their schemas, and so they remembered better
Cohen → made participants watch a clip of couple having dinner together → some
participants told she is a librarian, others told she is a waitress → then asked questions
like did she have wine or beer with dinner? → their memories about what the wife
drank, what gift she received, etc. fit the respective stereotypes of either librarian or
waitress
TOTE unit - CORRECT ANSWER-(test-operate-test-exit)
encoding - CORRECT ANSWER-filing away info in memory based on what info is
attended to and the initial interpretation of the information
How people are governed by situational factors (CS) - CORRECT ANSWER-Darley &
Batson → determined basis of students' religious orientation then asked them to go
deliver a sermon on being a good samaritan → some told they had plenty of time to go,
some already late → on the way they encounter someone looking super ill → those in a
rush did not stop to help but those with time did → turned out nature of religious
orientation was of no use in predicting whether they would offer assistance → thus,
people are governed by ______________
Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE) - CORRECT ANSWER-the failure to recognize
situational influences on behaviour and the corresponding tendency to overemphasize
the importance of disposition on behaviour
CS:
Gilbert → had ppl watch video of a visibly anxious woman → one group given context
about why she would be anxious, which gave them justification for her actions →
another group watched the video and was also tasked with memorizing a series of
words → they had more things going on and just automatically assumed she was an
emotional contagion - CORRECT ANSWER-extent to which an emotional display by
one person influences the emotional state of a bystander
CS:
Kramer et al. (2014) manipulated person's news feed for the week → IV: exposure to
emotional content, DV: mood
Results: did provide evidence of causality
Doherty (1998) IV: videotape of woman explaining experimental procedures in which
the woman happy or sad, DV: participant shown 10 photos of faces (5 positive, 5
negative) to make ratings of emotional intensity → participants in sad video condition
reported sad moods, demonstrating contagion effect
operational definition - CORRECT ANSWER-definition of a variable in terms of a
process used in your research
correlational research - CORRECT ANSWER-0 → unrelated, 1 → perfectly related
Negative correlation = the more you get of one thing, the less you get of the other
Height/weight = positive correlation, # of absences and GPA = negative correlation
self-selection bias - CORRECT ANSWER-allowing participants to somehow determine
which condition they are in
Construal - CORRECT ANSWER-people's interpretation + inference about
stimuli/situations you confront
Schema - CORRECT ANSWER-knowledge structures consisting of any organized body
of stored info
CS:
Simon & Chabris → made participants watch a video of a game of catch where a gorilla
walks through the middle → only half the participants saw it → schemas can be so
strong they prevent us from seeing even very dramatic stimuli we don't expect to see
declarative knowledge - CORRECT ANSWER-knowledge about types of people/social
situations
CS:
, Anderson & Cole (1990) Significant Other Concepts → people listed traits they liked
about their partner (attractive, moody, sarcastic, likes rap, etc.) → two weeks later they
are given adjectives about random person including some of the same as before, then
asked participant do you think she is sarcastic? Do you think she likes rap? → they
answered yes, showing associative networks
procedural knowledge - CORRECT ANSWER-knowing how (rules, skills, habits for
thinking/acting)
How social knowledge affects Memory (2 CS) - CORRECT ANSWER-Hamilton, Katz, &
Leirer (1980): gave list of behavioral info → asked one group to form an impression and
one group to remember as many of the traits as possible → people actually recall more
when forming an impression rather than trying to remember → in the impression-
formation condition, info was linked to their schemas, and so they remembered better
Cohen → made participants watch a clip of couple having dinner together → some
participants told she is a librarian, others told she is a waitress → then asked questions
like did she have wine or beer with dinner? → their memories about what the wife
drank, what gift she received, etc. fit the respective stereotypes of either librarian or
waitress
TOTE unit - CORRECT ANSWER-(test-operate-test-exit)
encoding - CORRECT ANSWER-filing away info in memory based on what info is
attended to and the initial interpretation of the information
How people are governed by situational factors (CS) - CORRECT ANSWER-Darley &
Batson → determined basis of students' religious orientation then asked them to go
deliver a sermon on being a good samaritan → some told they had plenty of time to go,
some already late → on the way they encounter someone looking super ill → those in a
rush did not stop to help but those with time did → turned out nature of religious
orientation was of no use in predicting whether they would offer assistance → thus,
people are governed by ______________
Fundamental Attribution Error (FAE) - CORRECT ANSWER-the failure to recognize
situational influences on behaviour and the corresponding tendency to overemphasize
the importance of disposition on behaviour
CS:
Gilbert → had ppl watch video of a visibly anxious woman → one group given context
about why she would be anxious, which gave them justification for her actions →
another group watched the video and was also tasked with memorizing a series of
words → they had more things going on and just automatically assumed she was an
