Dental Embryology, Histology, and Anatomy ch 3-5
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6vyfu8
1. Prenatal Development: begins with the start of pregnancy and continues until the birth of the child
Has three phases: Preimplantation, Embryonic, and Fetal period
2. Embryology: study of prenatal development
3. Primordium: the earliest indication of a tissue types or an organ during prenatal development
4. Congenital Malformatioms: birth defects, which are evident at birth
5. Teratogens: environmental factors or agents such as infections, drug, and radiation causing malformations
6. Preimplantation Period: takes place during the first week after conception
7. Ovum: female reproductive cell that can be fertilized
8. Sperm: ...
9. Fertilization: Process by which sperm penetrates ovum during preimplantation period (gamete-23 chromo-
somes each unite to form one cell with 46 chromosomes: zygote)
10. Zygote: Fertilized egg
11. Embryo: structure derived from an in bedded blastocyst
12. Meiosis: Process of reproductive cell production that ensure correct number of chromosomes in gamete
producing cells (being reduced to one half) Also involves a reduction division in which one of each pair of homologous
chromosomes passes to each daughter cell and and a mitotic division *Process by whereby eggs and sperm are
produced. Females- occurs before birth (born with all eggs she will ever have) Male - ongoing process that goes till
death
13. Karyotype: the photographic analysis of a persons chromosomes done by orderly arrangement of the pairs
14. Cleavage: sychronized division (splits), (mitosis) there are 7 days of cleavage.
15. Morula: the solid ball of cells after initial cleavage
16. Blastocyst: Structure formed during the prenatal development consisting of tropoblast cells and inner mass
of cells that develop into an embryo
17. Implantation: Embedding the blastocyst in the endometrium
18. Trophoblast Layer: a layer of peripheral cells
19. Embryoblast: a small inner mass of embryonic cells
20. Down Syndrome: Extra 21st chromosome (Trisomy 21); flat face, widely spaced eyes, eylid fissures,
intellect
-open mouth, few teeth, microdontia (tiny teeth), arched palate
21. Ectopic Pregnancy: implantation occurring outside the uterus: fallopian tube; these births are successful
when treated with medication
, Dental Embryology, Histology, and Anatomy ch 3-5
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6vyfu8
22. Embryonic Period: Begins at second week and ends with eight week. This is considered the MOST
critical period of prenatal development. This is the beginning of when all essential external and internal structures
are formed. physiological processes occur that cause the blastocyst to become an embryo
23. Induction: action of one group of cells on another that leads to the establishment of the developmental
pathway in the responding tissue
24. Proliferation: controlled cellular growth and accumulation pf biproducts (interstitial and appositional)
*proliferation is always something growing*
25. Interstitial Growth: layers from deep within a tissue or organ *inside layers
26. Appositional Growth: from outside *outside layers
27. Differentiation: change in identical embryonic cells to become distinct structurally and functionally
28. Amniocentesis: Prenatal diagnostic procedure sampling amniotic fluid
29. Amniotic cavity: Fluid filled cavity facing epiblast layer
Baby develops within the amniotic cavity/sac
30. Bilateral symmetry: each half of the embryo mirrors the other half
31. Embryonic disc: ...
32. Ectoderm: (outer) Nervous system, skin- epidermis, sensory cells (neural crest cells-teeth and associated
tissues)
layer of trilaminar embryonic disc derived from the epiblast layer and lining the stomodeum
**Columnar cells
33. Endoderm: (inner) cubodial cells- respiratory system, digestive system, liver & pancreas
layer of the trilaminar embryonic disc derived from the hypoblast
34. Mesoderm (3rd wk): (middle) migrated ectoderm-mixed cells- muscle, bone, cartilage, lungs lymphat-
ics, reproductive organs, DERMIS
**Creation of bony skeleton and muscles
**Inner layer of skin; DERMIS**
-fibroblast , chondroblast, osteoblast
embryonic layer located between the ecotderm and endoderm
- 38 paired somites
-skeletal- head, neck and trunk
-Muscles and dermis of skin
35. Nueroectoderm: specailize group of cells that differ from the ectoderm
, Dental Embryology, Histology, and Anatomy ch 3-5
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6vyfu8
36. Fusion: joining of two embryonic tissues of two separate surfaces
-greatest percentage of facial growth occurs through fusion
-Develop by fusion of swellings or tissue on the same surface of the embryo.
**Cleft or furrow will disappear as Mesenchyme infiltrates the ectodermal tissue
- Different from palatal or mandibular symphysis fusion
37. Foregut: Anterior part of future digestive tract or primitive pharynx that froms the orphopharynx
38. Midgut: middle part of future digestive track
39. Maturation: Involves all processes.
Induction, proliferation (interstitial & appositional), Differentation (cytodifferentation, histodifferentation, morphodif-
ferentation), morphogenesis.
attainment of adult size and as well as function
40. Hindgut: posterior part of future digestive track
41. Mesenchyme: Embryonic connective tissue
42. Nural crest cells: specific group of cells that develop from the nueroectoderm that migrate from the crest
of the neural folds and dispers to specific sites within the mesenchyme
43. Placenta: (from outer trophoblast cells)
-temporary perental organ that provide suppport to developing embryos
-it permits selective exchange of bloodborne substances.
44. Primitive streak: -Part of the ECTODERM- skin
-Bilateral symmetry
Creates a right and a left
-epiblast or ectoderm layer and shape it like a hot air ballon ( wide balloon-narrow at basket)
-furrowed, rod shaped thickening in middle of embryonic disc
*Has 2 ends
-Cephalic
Oropharyngeal- oral cavity
-Caudal
Cloacal- anus
45. Primodoum: earliest indication of part or organ during prenatal development
46. Proliferation: controlled cellular growth *is always something growing
47. Somites: ...
48. Spina bifida: neural tube defect affecting vertebal arches
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6vyfu8
1. Prenatal Development: begins with the start of pregnancy and continues until the birth of the child
Has three phases: Preimplantation, Embryonic, and Fetal period
2. Embryology: study of prenatal development
3. Primordium: the earliest indication of a tissue types or an organ during prenatal development
4. Congenital Malformatioms: birth defects, which are evident at birth
5. Teratogens: environmental factors or agents such as infections, drug, and radiation causing malformations
6. Preimplantation Period: takes place during the first week after conception
7. Ovum: female reproductive cell that can be fertilized
8. Sperm: ...
9. Fertilization: Process by which sperm penetrates ovum during preimplantation period (gamete-23 chromo-
somes each unite to form one cell with 46 chromosomes: zygote)
10. Zygote: Fertilized egg
11. Embryo: structure derived from an in bedded blastocyst
12. Meiosis: Process of reproductive cell production that ensure correct number of chromosomes in gamete
producing cells (being reduced to one half) Also involves a reduction division in which one of each pair of homologous
chromosomes passes to each daughter cell and and a mitotic division *Process by whereby eggs and sperm are
produced. Females- occurs before birth (born with all eggs she will ever have) Male - ongoing process that goes till
death
13. Karyotype: the photographic analysis of a persons chromosomes done by orderly arrangement of the pairs
14. Cleavage: sychronized division (splits), (mitosis) there are 7 days of cleavage.
15. Morula: the solid ball of cells after initial cleavage
16. Blastocyst: Structure formed during the prenatal development consisting of tropoblast cells and inner mass
of cells that develop into an embryo
17. Implantation: Embedding the blastocyst in the endometrium
18. Trophoblast Layer: a layer of peripheral cells
19. Embryoblast: a small inner mass of embryonic cells
20. Down Syndrome: Extra 21st chromosome (Trisomy 21); flat face, widely spaced eyes, eylid fissures,
intellect
-open mouth, few teeth, microdontia (tiny teeth), arched palate
21. Ectopic Pregnancy: implantation occurring outside the uterus: fallopian tube; these births are successful
when treated with medication
, Dental Embryology, Histology, and Anatomy ch 3-5
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6vyfu8
22. Embryonic Period: Begins at second week and ends with eight week. This is considered the MOST
critical period of prenatal development. This is the beginning of when all essential external and internal structures
are formed. physiological processes occur that cause the blastocyst to become an embryo
23. Induction: action of one group of cells on another that leads to the establishment of the developmental
pathway in the responding tissue
24. Proliferation: controlled cellular growth and accumulation pf biproducts (interstitial and appositional)
*proliferation is always something growing*
25. Interstitial Growth: layers from deep within a tissue or organ *inside layers
26. Appositional Growth: from outside *outside layers
27. Differentiation: change in identical embryonic cells to become distinct structurally and functionally
28. Amniocentesis: Prenatal diagnostic procedure sampling amniotic fluid
29. Amniotic cavity: Fluid filled cavity facing epiblast layer
Baby develops within the amniotic cavity/sac
30. Bilateral symmetry: each half of the embryo mirrors the other half
31. Embryonic disc: ...
32. Ectoderm: (outer) Nervous system, skin- epidermis, sensory cells (neural crest cells-teeth and associated
tissues)
layer of trilaminar embryonic disc derived from the epiblast layer and lining the stomodeum
**Columnar cells
33. Endoderm: (inner) cubodial cells- respiratory system, digestive system, liver & pancreas
layer of the trilaminar embryonic disc derived from the hypoblast
34. Mesoderm (3rd wk): (middle) migrated ectoderm-mixed cells- muscle, bone, cartilage, lungs lymphat-
ics, reproductive organs, DERMIS
**Creation of bony skeleton and muscles
**Inner layer of skin; DERMIS**
-fibroblast , chondroblast, osteoblast
embryonic layer located between the ecotderm and endoderm
- 38 paired somites
-skeletal- head, neck and trunk
-Muscles and dermis of skin
35. Nueroectoderm: specailize group of cells that differ from the ectoderm
, Dental Embryology, Histology, and Anatomy ch 3-5
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_6vyfu8
36. Fusion: joining of two embryonic tissues of two separate surfaces
-greatest percentage of facial growth occurs through fusion
-Develop by fusion of swellings or tissue on the same surface of the embryo.
**Cleft or furrow will disappear as Mesenchyme infiltrates the ectodermal tissue
- Different from palatal or mandibular symphysis fusion
37. Foregut: Anterior part of future digestive tract or primitive pharynx that froms the orphopharynx
38. Midgut: middle part of future digestive track
39. Maturation: Involves all processes.
Induction, proliferation (interstitial & appositional), Differentation (cytodifferentation, histodifferentation, morphodif-
ferentation), morphogenesis.
attainment of adult size and as well as function
40. Hindgut: posterior part of future digestive track
41. Mesenchyme: Embryonic connective tissue
42. Nural crest cells: specific group of cells that develop from the nueroectoderm that migrate from the crest
of the neural folds and dispers to specific sites within the mesenchyme
43. Placenta: (from outer trophoblast cells)
-temporary perental organ that provide suppport to developing embryos
-it permits selective exchange of bloodborne substances.
44. Primitive streak: -Part of the ECTODERM- skin
-Bilateral symmetry
Creates a right and a left
-epiblast or ectoderm layer and shape it like a hot air ballon ( wide balloon-narrow at basket)
-furrowed, rod shaped thickening in middle of embryonic disc
*Has 2 ends
-Cephalic
Oropharyngeal- oral cavity
-Caudal
Cloacal- anus
45. Primodoum: earliest indication of part or organ during prenatal development
46. Proliferation: controlled cellular growth *is always something growing
47. Somites: ...
48. Spina bifida: neural tube defect affecting vertebal arches
