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A new nurse is being oriented to labor and delivery and is learning about electronic fetal
monitoring (EFM), select each statement that is true of EFM. ✔Correct Answer-Continuous
fetal monitoring is the most popular type of FHR monitoring in the US.
Wireless EFM allows freedom of movement while still continuously monitoring the FHR.
At what gestational age would it be considered normal to see an acceleration of 10 bpm and
lasting 10 seconds? ✔Correct Answer-<32 weeks
Early decelerations ✔Correct Answer-fetal head compression
When are early decelerations seen? ✔Correct Answer-• They are most often seen during the
active stage of any normal labor, during pushing, crowning, or vacuum extraction.
When the cervix is 4-7cm
Breech position
Late decelerations ✔Correct Answer-fetal hypoxia bc of deficient placental perfusion
Manage: LION
What can cause late decelerations? ✔Correct Answer-Uterine tachysystole
Maternal hypotension
Maternal hypertension
Placental abruption
Severe maternal anemia
Causes of variable decelerations ✔Correct Answer-cord compression, short cord, prolapsed
cord, nuchal cord
Oligohydramnios
During descent of presenting part
causes of prolonged decelerations ✔Correct Answer-Profound placental insufficiency
Umbilical compression, prolapse or occlusion
Rapid fetal descent
Tachysystole
Placental abruption
Uterine rupture
causes of minimal variability ✔Correct Answer-Fetal hypoxia
Fetal sleep cycles
Medications (opioids or magnesium sulfate)