NSG 3280 Exam 1 Questions and Answers Practice Questions with Solutions Newest | Already Graded A+

NSG 3280 Exam 1 Questions and Answers
Practice Questions with Solutions Newest 2026-
2027 | Already Graded A+

Question 1: Which of the following cellular processes directly produces the greatest amount of
ATP under aerobic conditions?
A) Glycolysis
B) Krebs cycle
C) Electron transport chain
D) Fermentation
Correct Answer: C


Question 2: A patient with cyanide poisoning has impaired cellular respiration because cyanide
inhibits which enzyme complex in the mitochondria?
A) ATP synthase
B) Cytochrome c oxidase (Complex IV)
C) Pyruvate dehydrogenase
D) Hexokinase
Correct Answer: B


Question 3: Which of the following statements about the Na+/K+ ATPase pump is correct?
A) It pumps sodium into the cell and potassium out of the cell
B) It pumps sodium out of the cell and potassium into the cell, both against their
concentration gradients
C) It is an example of facilitated diffusion
D) It does not require ATP
Correct Answer: B


Question 4: Reperfusion injury after ischemia is primarily caused by:
A) Increased ATP production
B) Formation of reactive oxygen species (free radicals)
C) Decreased intracellular calcium
D) Activation of protein synthesis
Correct Answer: B

,Question 5: Which of the following is an example of a voltage-gated ion channel?
A) Acetylcholine receptor at the neuromuscular junction
B) Sodium channel in a neuron that opens during depolarization
C) Aquaporin in the kidney
D) Glucose transporter (GLUT1)
Correct Answer: B


Question 6: A cell placed in a hypertonic solution will:
A) Swell and potentially burst
B) Shrink due to water leaving the cell
C) Remain unchanged
D) Undergo active transport of water
Correct Answer: B


Question 7: Which of the following is the first manifestation of reversible cell injury?
A) Nuclear pyknosis
B) Hydropic swelling (cellular edema)
C) Fatty change
D) Plasma membrane blebbing
Correct Answer: B


Question 8: Conversion from glycolysis to the Krebs cycle results in the production of:
A) 1 ATP
B) 2 NADH
C) 2 FADH2
D) 4 CO2
Correct Answer: B


Question 9: The ingestion of large molecules or particles by a cell is called:
A) Pinocytosis
B) Phagocytosis
C) Exocytosis
D) Receptor-mediated endocytosis
Correct Answer: B

, Question 10: Which of the following channels responds to the binding of a signaling molecule
such as a hormone or neurotransmitter?
A) Voltage-gated channel
B) Mechanically gated channel
C) Ligand-gated channel
D) Leak channel
Correct Answer: C


Question 11: The Na+/K+ ATPase pump maintains which ionic concentrations inside the cell?
A) High sodium, low potassium
B) Low sodium, high potassium
C) High sodium, high potassium
D) Low sodium, low potassium
Correct Answer: B


Question 12: Cellular ingestion of extracellular molecules is known as:
A) Exocytosis
B) Endocytosis
C) Diffusion
D) Osmosis
Correct Answer: B


Question 13: Two types of endocytosis include:
A) Active transport and passive diffusion
B) Pinocytosis and phagocytosis
C) Exocytosis and endocytosis
D) Simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion
Correct Answer: B


Question 14: The ingestion of fluids and small molecules via endocytosis is called:
A) Phagocytosis
B) Pinocytosis
C) Receptor-mediated endocytosis
D) Clathrin-mediated endocytosis
Correct Answer: B