NURS 1112 exam 1 UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Weathering - CORRECT ANSWER - The hypothesis that chronic exposure to social and economic
adversity (and racism) causes premature biological aging.
Implicit Bias - CORRECT ANSWER - Unconscious attitudes or stereotypes that affect our
understanding and actions (often measured by the Implicit Association Test).
Tuskegee Study - CORRECT ANSWER - A horrific ethical breach where black men with syphilis
were left untreated for 40 years to study the disease's progression.
The 'Diversity Hypothesis' - CORRECT ANSWER - Diverse healthcare teams lead to better patient
outcomes, increased trust, and improved access for minority populations.
Strengths of US Healthcare - CORRECT ANSWER - Advanced technology, high-quality
specialized care, medical research/innovation, short wait times for elective surgeries.
Weaknesses of US Healthcare - CORRECT ANSWER - High cost (most expensive in the world),
lack of universal coverage, health disparities, and fragmented care (lack of coordination).
Equality - CORRECT ANSWER - Giving everyone the exact same resource (e.g., everyone gets
the same size ladder, but some still can't reach the fruit).
Equity - CORRECT ANSWER - Giving people the specific resources they need to reach the same
outcome (e.g., giving the shorter person a taller ladder).
Primary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - Measures taken to avoid the onset of disease
(Vaccines).
Secondary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - Early detection and screening (Mammograms).
, Tertiary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - Treatment to prevent further disability (Rehab).
Flexner Report (1910) - CORRECT ANSWER - Standardized medical education; led to the closure
of substandard med schools.
Florence Nightingale - CORRECT ANSWER - The 'Founder of Modern Nursing'; emphasized
hygiene and environment.
Medicare - CORRECT ANSWER - Federal program for the elderly (65+).
Medicaid - CORRECT ANSWER - State-Federal program for low-income individuals.
Implicit Bias (Clinical) - CORRECT ANSWER - Unconscious prejudice that affects clinical
decision-making.
Weathering Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER - Chronic stress from racism leads to physical
health deterioration.
Hospitalist - CORRECT ANSWER - A physician whose primary professional focus is the general
medical care of hospitalized patients.
1850s Florence Nightingale - CORRECT ANSWER - Introduced sanitation, hygiene, and data
collection; professionalized nursing.
1910 Flexner Report - CORRECT ANSWER - Revolutionized medical education; shut down
'diploma mills' but also closed many Black medical schools.
1921 Sheppard-Towner Act - CORRECT ANSWER - First federal social welfare law; provided
funding for maternity and infant care.
1943 Nurse Training Act - CORRECT ANSWER - Federal funding to expand nursing schools to
meet WWII demands.
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Weathering - CORRECT ANSWER - The hypothesis that chronic exposure to social and economic
adversity (and racism) causes premature biological aging.
Implicit Bias - CORRECT ANSWER - Unconscious attitudes or stereotypes that affect our
understanding and actions (often measured by the Implicit Association Test).
Tuskegee Study - CORRECT ANSWER - A horrific ethical breach where black men with syphilis
were left untreated for 40 years to study the disease's progression.
The 'Diversity Hypothesis' - CORRECT ANSWER - Diverse healthcare teams lead to better patient
outcomes, increased trust, and improved access for minority populations.
Strengths of US Healthcare - CORRECT ANSWER - Advanced technology, high-quality
specialized care, medical research/innovation, short wait times for elective surgeries.
Weaknesses of US Healthcare - CORRECT ANSWER - High cost (most expensive in the world),
lack of universal coverage, health disparities, and fragmented care (lack of coordination).
Equality - CORRECT ANSWER - Giving everyone the exact same resource (e.g., everyone gets
the same size ladder, but some still can't reach the fruit).
Equity - CORRECT ANSWER - Giving people the specific resources they need to reach the same
outcome (e.g., giving the shorter person a taller ladder).
Primary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - Measures taken to avoid the onset of disease
(Vaccines).
Secondary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - Early detection and screening (Mammograms).
, Tertiary Prevention - CORRECT ANSWER - Treatment to prevent further disability (Rehab).
Flexner Report (1910) - CORRECT ANSWER - Standardized medical education; led to the closure
of substandard med schools.
Florence Nightingale - CORRECT ANSWER - The 'Founder of Modern Nursing'; emphasized
hygiene and environment.
Medicare - CORRECT ANSWER - Federal program for the elderly (65+).
Medicaid - CORRECT ANSWER - State-Federal program for low-income individuals.
Implicit Bias (Clinical) - CORRECT ANSWER - Unconscious prejudice that affects clinical
decision-making.
Weathering Hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWER - Chronic stress from racism leads to physical
health deterioration.
Hospitalist - CORRECT ANSWER - A physician whose primary professional focus is the general
medical care of hospitalized patients.
1850s Florence Nightingale - CORRECT ANSWER - Introduced sanitation, hygiene, and data
collection; professionalized nursing.
1910 Flexner Report - CORRECT ANSWER - Revolutionized medical education; shut down
'diploma mills' but also closed many Black medical schools.
1921 Sheppard-Towner Act - CORRECT ANSWER - First federal social welfare law; provided
funding for maternity and infant care.
1943 Nurse Training Act - CORRECT ANSWER - Federal funding to expand nursing schools to
meet WWII demands.
