NUR 7580 ACTUAL EXAM QUESTIONS AND
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE 2026
▶ Stage 3 pressure ulcer. Answer: Full thickness with visible fat
▶ Stage 4 pressure ulcer. Answer: Full thickness with exposed bone,
muscle, and tendons
▶ What will the BUN and creatinine levels look like in dehydration?.
Answer: Both will be elevated
▶ Urinary Incontinence
1. Stress. Answer: Leakage of urine during physical movement, ie.
coughing/sneezing/exercising
▶ Urinary Incontinence
2. Urge. Answer: Leakage at unexpected times, ie. during sleep
▶ Urinary Incontinence
3. Functional. Answer: Urination due to a problem that prevents from
reaching toilet
▶ Urinary Incontinence
4. Overflow. Answer: Leakage due to a full bladder
▶ Urinary Incontinence
5. Transient. Answer: Leakage that occurs temporarily due to UTI,
infection, medication, pregnancy
▶ Urinary Incontinence
6. Reflex. Answer: Involuntary leakage related to spinal cord damage, loss
of urge to void
▶ Way to promote defacation. Answer: Sitting position
Position on bed pan
Proper food and fluid intake
, Promotion of regular exercise
▶ Cold and clammy, need some candy =. Answer: Hypoglycemia
▶ Warm and dry, sugar is high =. Answer: Hyperglycemia
▶ Sliding scale. Answer: Used to determine the amount of insulin needed
based on glucose levels
▶ Why are babies at risk for low blood sugar when they're born?. Answer:
Because of high insulin in blood stream from mom
▶ Dawn Phenomenon. Answer: Levels remain normal until 2 am, then
levels start to rise until dawn
-to treat: increase PM insulin dose
▶ Somogyi Effect. Answer: Levels drop at 2 am, then levels start to rise
again
-to treat: decrease PM insulin dose
▶ HHNS (hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome). Answer:
Type 2
no ketones
no state of acidosis
▶ Intracellular fluid. Answer: 70%--inside the cell
▶ Extracellular. Answer: 30%--outside the cell
▶ Fluid excess signs and symptoms. Answer: Bounding pulse
Elevated BP
Distended neck veins
▶ What kind of fluid is water?. Answer: Hypotonic
▶ What lab do you want to monitor in fluid excess?. Answer: Serum
potassium
COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE 2026
▶ Stage 3 pressure ulcer. Answer: Full thickness with visible fat
▶ Stage 4 pressure ulcer. Answer: Full thickness with exposed bone,
muscle, and tendons
▶ What will the BUN and creatinine levels look like in dehydration?.
Answer: Both will be elevated
▶ Urinary Incontinence
1. Stress. Answer: Leakage of urine during physical movement, ie.
coughing/sneezing/exercising
▶ Urinary Incontinence
2. Urge. Answer: Leakage at unexpected times, ie. during sleep
▶ Urinary Incontinence
3. Functional. Answer: Urination due to a problem that prevents from
reaching toilet
▶ Urinary Incontinence
4. Overflow. Answer: Leakage due to a full bladder
▶ Urinary Incontinence
5. Transient. Answer: Leakage that occurs temporarily due to UTI,
infection, medication, pregnancy
▶ Urinary Incontinence
6. Reflex. Answer: Involuntary leakage related to spinal cord damage, loss
of urge to void
▶ Way to promote defacation. Answer: Sitting position
Position on bed pan
Proper food and fluid intake
, Promotion of regular exercise
▶ Cold and clammy, need some candy =. Answer: Hypoglycemia
▶ Warm and dry, sugar is high =. Answer: Hyperglycemia
▶ Sliding scale. Answer: Used to determine the amount of insulin needed
based on glucose levels
▶ Why are babies at risk for low blood sugar when they're born?. Answer:
Because of high insulin in blood stream from mom
▶ Dawn Phenomenon. Answer: Levels remain normal until 2 am, then
levels start to rise until dawn
-to treat: increase PM insulin dose
▶ Somogyi Effect. Answer: Levels drop at 2 am, then levels start to rise
again
-to treat: decrease PM insulin dose
▶ HHNS (hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome). Answer:
Type 2
no ketones
no state of acidosis
▶ Intracellular fluid. Answer: 70%--inside the cell
▶ Extracellular. Answer: 30%--outside the cell
▶ Fluid excess signs and symptoms. Answer: Bounding pulse
Elevated BP
Distended neck veins
▶ What kind of fluid is water?. Answer: Hypotonic
▶ What lab do you want to monitor in fluid excess?. Answer: Serum
potassium
