2025 Edition ABFM ITE Exam High-
Yield Questions and Detailed
Explanations by the American Board of
Family Medicine – Latest Release for
2025/2026 Academic Year – Ace Your
Exam on the First Attempt and Prevent
Resits
CAP antibiotic that causes VF - CORRECT ANSWERSAzithromycin
- The arrhythmia results from prolongation of the QT interval and is also more common
in patients with a prior cardiac history.
,Anti-DM medications for weight loss - CORRECT ANSWERSGLP1 receptor agonists
e.g. Exenatide
SGLT-2 inhibitor e.g. Canagliflozin
Screening test with greatest potential for over diagnosis - CORRECT ANSWERSPSA
Clinical manifestation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - CORRECT
ANSWERSAsymmetric leg weakness
Opioid to avoid in palliative patient with severe hepatic dysfunction - CORRECT
ANSWERSMethadone
- It is metabolized and cleared by the liver, and should therefore not be used in patients
with severe hepatic impairment. It is, however, a reasonable option for patients with
severe renal impairment.
Lung cancer screening with low dose CT Chest annually - CORRECT ANSWERSAdults
55-80yo with 30 pack year history and currently smoking or quit within last 15 years
NOAC with reversal agent - CORRECT ANSWERSDabigatran
Reduces alcoholism but creating an acute ethanol sensitivity - CORRECT
ANSWERSDisulfiram
Antidepressant to be avoided in the elderly - CORRECT ANSWERSParoxetine
(associated with more anticholinergic effects)
SSRIs > SNRIs, atypical antipsychotics may be added for resistant depression
Age group between which American Academy of Pediatrics recommends administration
of an autism-specific screening tool - CORRECT ANSWERS18-24 months old
Most common neurological complication of Paget's disease of the bone - CORRECT
ANSWERS
Most common cardiac complication of Lyme disease - CORRECT ANSWERSHeart
blocks
Examination finding of those with bacterial vaginosis - CORRECT ANSWERSVaginal
pH >4.5 (normal vaginal pH should be acidic)
Most common cause of medication-related adverse events across health care settings
in the United States - CORRECT ANSWERSAntibiotics
Screening for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis - CORRECT ANSWERSNot
recommended
,In anaphylaxis, which drug is most likely helpful in preventing the need for intubation? -
CORRECT ANSWERS
Barrett's oesophagus with no dysplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS
Positive family history of colorectal cancer - CORRECT ANSWERSIndividuals who
have a first-degree relative with colorectal cancer or advanced adenoma diagnosed
before 60 years of age or two first-degree relatives diagnosed at any age should be
advised to start screening colonoscopy at 40 years of age or 10 years younger than the
earliest diagnosis in their family, whichever comes first.
Most common cause of hearing loss in newborns - CORRECT ANSWERSGenetic
inheritance
Lab findings in Von Willebrand disease - CORRECT ANSWERS
U.S. federal labor law requires companies with >50 employees to provide which benefits
for employees who are nursing mothers - CORRECT ANSWERS
Influenza vaccination in those with potential egg allergy - CORRECT ANSWERSAll
currently available influenza vaccines, with the exceptions of recombinant and cell-
culture-based inactivated influenza vaccines, are prepared using embryonated egg
culture and can potentially provoke allergic and anaphylactic reactions.
For those who report that they can eat lightly cooked scrambled eggs, vaccination can
proceed without precaution or observation. Those who have experienced only hives can
also receive any influenza vaccine appropriate for their age and health status.
People who have experienced symptoms such as hypotension, wheezing, nausea, or
vomiting, or reactions requiring emergency attention or epinephrine after eating eggs or
egg-containing foods can also receive any influenza vaccine appropriate for their age
and health status and also do not need to be observed. However, the vaccine should be
administered by a provider who can recognize and manage severe allergic reactions.
How is the Timed Up and Go test useful in GRM patients? - CORRECT
ANSWERSHelps to assess the risk of falling
Antidepressant that can prolong QT interval to be avoided in those on concomitant
atypical antipsychotics - CORRECT ANSWERSCitalopram, Escitalopram
Other SSRIs, as well as bupropion, venlafaxine, and mirtazapine, do not have this
effect. Both tricyclic antidepressants and antipsychotics, commonly used in patients also
taking SSRIs, can cause QT prolongation, making their combined use problematic.
Antibiotic for traveller's diarrhoea - CORRECT ANSWERSAzithromycin
, Prevented by washing hands frequently
Most effective medication for treating fibromyalgia - CORRECT ANSWERSTCAs >
SSRIs (helps with some pain reduction)
In a healthy full-term infant who is exclusively breastfed, iron supplementation should
begin at what age in order to prevent iron deficiency anaemia? - CORRECT
ANSWERS4 months
- In preterm babies (before 37w), elemental iron supplementation (2mg/kg per day)
should begin at 1 month of age and should continue until 12 months of age, unless the
infant had multiple blood transfusions.
In primary nephrotic syndrome, other than proteinuria and low albumin, what else is
commonly observed? - CORRECT ANSWERSCoagulopathy
Chronic medication that can cause B12 deficiency - CORRECT ANSWERSMetformin
Strongest risk factor for primary hypertension in children and adolescents - CORRECT
ANSWERSElevated BMI
While Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species are the most common causes
of skin and soft-tissue infection, which organism should also be considered? -
CORRECT ANSWERSPseudomonas
Treatment of erythrasma (Wood's lamp coral pink/red fluorescence, fine-scaled with a
cigarette-paper appearance) caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum infection -
CORRECT ANSWERSErythromycin
Which radiologic funding of a lung nodule is most predictive of malignancy? -
CORRECT ANSWERS
Which investigation is routine in all newborns with Down syndrome? - CORRECT
ANSWERSEchocardiography
Treatment duration for provoked vs unprovoked PE - CORRECT ANSWERS3 months
and indefinitely respectively
In patients with symptoms indicative of pneumonia or heart failure, what investigations
can be done to determine treatment of either condition or both? - CORRECT
ANSWERSBNP and procalcitonin levels
How to increase HDL (good cholesterol)? - CORRECT ANSWERSAdd niacin
Yield Questions and Detailed
Explanations by the American Board of
Family Medicine – Latest Release for
2025/2026 Academic Year – Ace Your
Exam on the First Attempt and Prevent
Resits
CAP antibiotic that causes VF - CORRECT ANSWERSAzithromycin
- The arrhythmia results from prolongation of the QT interval and is also more common
in patients with a prior cardiac history.
,Anti-DM medications for weight loss - CORRECT ANSWERSGLP1 receptor agonists
e.g. Exenatide
SGLT-2 inhibitor e.g. Canagliflozin
Screening test with greatest potential for over diagnosis - CORRECT ANSWERSPSA
Clinical manifestation of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis - CORRECT
ANSWERSAsymmetric leg weakness
Opioid to avoid in palliative patient with severe hepatic dysfunction - CORRECT
ANSWERSMethadone
- It is metabolized and cleared by the liver, and should therefore not be used in patients
with severe hepatic impairment. It is, however, a reasonable option for patients with
severe renal impairment.
Lung cancer screening with low dose CT Chest annually - CORRECT ANSWERSAdults
55-80yo with 30 pack year history and currently smoking or quit within last 15 years
NOAC with reversal agent - CORRECT ANSWERSDabigatran
Reduces alcoholism but creating an acute ethanol sensitivity - CORRECT
ANSWERSDisulfiram
Antidepressant to be avoided in the elderly - CORRECT ANSWERSParoxetine
(associated with more anticholinergic effects)
SSRIs > SNRIs, atypical antipsychotics may be added for resistant depression
Age group between which American Academy of Pediatrics recommends administration
of an autism-specific screening tool - CORRECT ANSWERS18-24 months old
Most common neurological complication of Paget's disease of the bone - CORRECT
ANSWERS
Most common cardiac complication of Lyme disease - CORRECT ANSWERSHeart
blocks
Examination finding of those with bacterial vaginosis - CORRECT ANSWERSVaginal
pH >4.5 (normal vaginal pH should be acidic)
Most common cause of medication-related adverse events across health care settings
in the United States - CORRECT ANSWERSAntibiotics
Screening for asymptomatic carotid artery stenosis - CORRECT ANSWERSNot
recommended
,In anaphylaxis, which drug is most likely helpful in preventing the need for intubation? -
CORRECT ANSWERS
Barrett's oesophagus with no dysplasia - CORRECT ANSWERS
Positive family history of colorectal cancer - CORRECT ANSWERSIndividuals who
have a first-degree relative with colorectal cancer or advanced adenoma diagnosed
before 60 years of age or two first-degree relatives diagnosed at any age should be
advised to start screening colonoscopy at 40 years of age or 10 years younger than the
earliest diagnosis in their family, whichever comes first.
Most common cause of hearing loss in newborns - CORRECT ANSWERSGenetic
inheritance
Lab findings in Von Willebrand disease - CORRECT ANSWERS
U.S. federal labor law requires companies with >50 employees to provide which benefits
for employees who are nursing mothers - CORRECT ANSWERS
Influenza vaccination in those with potential egg allergy - CORRECT ANSWERSAll
currently available influenza vaccines, with the exceptions of recombinant and cell-
culture-based inactivated influenza vaccines, are prepared using embryonated egg
culture and can potentially provoke allergic and anaphylactic reactions.
For those who report that they can eat lightly cooked scrambled eggs, vaccination can
proceed without precaution or observation. Those who have experienced only hives can
also receive any influenza vaccine appropriate for their age and health status.
People who have experienced symptoms such as hypotension, wheezing, nausea, or
vomiting, or reactions requiring emergency attention or epinephrine after eating eggs or
egg-containing foods can also receive any influenza vaccine appropriate for their age
and health status and also do not need to be observed. However, the vaccine should be
administered by a provider who can recognize and manage severe allergic reactions.
How is the Timed Up and Go test useful in GRM patients? - CORRECT
ANSWERSHelps to assess the risk of falling
Antidepressant that can prolong QT interval to be avoided in those on concomitant
atypical antipsychotics - CORRECT ANSWERSCitalopram, Escitalopram
Other SSRIs, as well as bupropion, venlafaxine, and mirtazapine, do not have this
effect. Both tricyclic antidepressants and antipsychotics, commonly used in patients also
taking SSRIs, can cause QT prolongation, making their combined use problematic.
Antibiotic for traveller's diarrhoea - CORRECT ANSWERSAzithromycin
, Prevented by washing hands frequently
Most effective medication for treating fibromyalgia - CORRECT ANSWERSTCAs >
SSRIs (helps with some pain reduction)
In a healthy full-term infant who is exclusively breastfed, iron supplementation should
begin at what age in order to prevent iron deficiency anaemia? - CORRECT
ANSWERS4 months
- In preterm babies (before 37w), elemental iron supplementation (2mg/kg per day)
should begin at 1 month of age and should continue until 12 months of age, unless the
infant had multiple blood transfusions.
In primary nephrotic syndrome, other than proteinuria and low albumin, what else is
commonly observed? - CORRECT ANSWERSCoagulopathy
Chronic medication that can cause B12 deficiency - CORRECT ANSWERSMetformin
Strongest risk factor for primary hypertension in children and adolescents - CORRECT
ANSWERSElevated BMI
While Staphylococcus aureus and Streptococcus species are the most common causes
of skin and soft-tissue infection, which organism should also be considered? -
CORRECT ANSWERSPseudomonas
Treatment of erythrasma (Wood's lamp coral pink/red fluorescence, fine-scaled with a
cigarette-paper appearance) caused by Corynebacterium minutissimum infection -
CORRECT ANSWERSErythromycin
Which radiologic funding of a lung nodule is most predictive of malignancy? -
CORRECT ANSWERS
Which investigation is routine in all newborns with Down syndrome? - CORRECT
ANSWERSEchocardiography
Treatment duration for provoked vs unprovoked PE - CORRECT ANSWERS3 months
and indefinitely respectively
In patients with symptoms indicative of pneumonia or heart failure, what investigations
can be done to determine treatment of either condition or both? - CORRECT
ANSWERSBNP and procalcitonin levels
How to increase HDL (good cholesterol)? - CORRECT ANSWERSAdd niacin
