NURS 134 COMPLETE STUDY GUIDE WITH
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
> open wound? Answer:occurs from intentional and unintentional trauma;
skin surface is broken, providing a portal of entry for microorganisms
> closed wound? Answer:results from a blow, force, or strain caused by
trauma such as a fall, an assault, or motor vehicle crash
> acute wound? Answer:usually heal within days to weeks
> chronic wound? Answer:do not progress through stages of healing;
healing impeded
> albumin normal lab values? Answer:3.5-5
> vitamin c and zinc? Answer:important in wound healing
> phases of wound healing? Answer:-hemostasis-vessels constrict and
clotting begins
-inflammatory-white blood cells move to wound
-proliferation-granulation tissue is formed
-maturation-collagen is remodeled, forms scar
> hemostasis? Answer:occurs immediately after intial injury, blood vessels
constrict and clotting begins, exudate(drainage) forms and causes swelling
and pain, increased perfusion results in heat and redness, platelets
stimulate other cells to migrate to injury to participate in phases of healing
> inflammatory phase? Answer:follows hemostasis and lasts 4-6 days,
white blood cells move to wound, macrophages enter wound and remain
extended time, they ingest debris and release growth factors, pt has
generalized body repsonse
> proliferation phase? Answer:begins 2-3 days of injury and may last up to
2-3 weeks, new tissue is built to fill wound space through action of
fibroblasts, capillaries grow across wound, thin layer of epithelial cells form
, across wound, granulation tissue forms a foundation for scar tissue to
develop
> maturation phase? Answer:final stage of healing, begins 3 weeks to 6
months after injury, collagen remodeled, new collagen tissue is deposited,
scar becomes thin white line
> desiccation? Answer:dehydration
> maceration? Answer:overhydration
> trauma? Answer:physical injury
> edema? Answer:swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in your body's
tissues
> necrosis? Answer:death of tissue
> wound complications? Answer:-infection
-hemorrhage
-dehiscence(wound separates) and evisceration(protrusion)
-fistula formation
> Dehiscence? Answer:Bursting open of a wound, especially a surgical
abdominal wound
> stages of pressure ulcers? Answer:-stage1: nonblanchable erythema of
intact skin
-stage2: partial-thickness skin loss
-stage3: full-thickness skin loss; not involving underlying fascia( epidermis
and dermis)
-stage4: full-thickness skin loss with extensive destruction (epidermis,
dermis, and subcutaneous)
-unstageable: base of ulcer covered by slough and/or eschar in wound bed
> measurement of pressure ulcer? Answer:-size of wound
-depth of wound
-presence of undermining, tunneling, or sinus tract(all on wound bed)
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2026
> open wound? Answer:occurs from intentional and unintentional trauma;
skin surface is broken, providing a portal of entry for microorganisms
> closed wound? Answer:results from a blow, force, or strain caused by
trauma such as a fall, an assault, or motor vehicle crash
> acute wound? Answer:usually heal within days to weeks
> chronic wound? Answer:do not progress through stages of healing;
healing impeded
> albumin normal lab values? Answer:3.5-5
> vitamin c and zinc? Answer:important in wound healing
> phases of wound healing? Answer:-hemostasis-vessels constrict and
clotting begins
-inflammatory-white blood cells move to wound
-proliferation-granulation tissue is formed
-maturation-collagen is remodeled, forms scar
> hemostasis? Answer:occurs immediately after intial injury, blood vessels
constrict and clotting begins, exudate(drainage) forms and causes swelling
and pain, increased perfusion results in heat and redness, platelets
stimulate other cells to migrate to injury to participate in phases of healing
> inflammatory phase? Answer:follows hemostasis and lasts 4-6 days,
white blood cells move to wound, macrophages enter wound and remain
extended time, they ingest debris and release growth factors, pt has
generalized body repsonse
> proliferation phase? Answer:begins 2-3 days of injury and may last up to
2-3 weeks, new tissue is built to fill wound space through action of
fibroblasts, capillaries grow across wound, thin layer of epithelial cells form
, across wound, granulation tissue forms a foundation for scar tissue to
develop
> maturation phase? Answer:final stage of healing, begins 3 weeks to 6
months after injury, collagen remodeled, new collagen tissue is deposited,
scar becomes thin white line
> desiccation? Answer:dehydration
> maceration? Answer:overhydration
> trauma? Answer:physical injury
> edema? Answer:swelling caused by excess fluid trapped in your body's
tissues
> necrosis? Answer:death of tissue
> wound complications? Answer:-infection
-hemorrhage
-dehiscence(wound separates) and evisceration(protrusion)
-fistula formation
> Dehiscence? Answer:Bursting open of a wound, especially a surgical
abdominal wound
> stages of pressure ulcers? Answer:-stage1: nonblanchable erythema of
intact skin
-stage2: partial-thickness skin loss
-stage3: full-thickness skin loss; not involving underlying fascia( epidermis
and dermis)
-stage4: full-thickness skin loss with extensive destruction (epidermis,
dermis, and subcutaneous)
-unstageable: base of ulcer covered by slough and/or eschar in wound bed
> measurement of pressure ulcer? Answer:-size of wound
-depth of wound
-presence of undermining, tunneling, or sinus tract(all on wound bed)
