pathophysiology nursing EXAM A+ GRADE ASSURED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS

EXAM

Exam Solution ga




Pathophysiology Exam 1 Problems 2026 A+ GRADE ASS ga ga ga ga ga ga ga




URED COMPLETE SOLUTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS ga ga ga ga ga




QUESTION 1 ga




A patient is found to have liver disease, resulting in the removal of a lobe of his liver. Ad
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aptation to the reduced size of the liver leads to ___________ of the remaining liver cells.
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A. Metaplasia
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B. Organ atrophy
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C. Compensatory hyperplasia
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D. Physiologic hyperplasia
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ANSWER

C



QUESTION 2 ga




An older adult patient comes to the clinic complaining of not being able to do what he us
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ed to be able to. You know that normal changes associated with aging include: (Select all
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that apply.)
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A. Improved blood flow
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B. Slowed metabolic rate
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C. Decreased brain weight
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D. Improved nerve fiber conduction
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E. Less respiratory capacity
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ANSWER

B, C, E
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QUESTION 3 ga




A 20-year-
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old college student has presented to her campus medical clinic for a scheduled Pap sme
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ar. The clinician who will interpret the smear will examine cell samples for evidence of:
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A. Changes in cell shape, size, and organization
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,B. Presence of unexpected cell types
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C. Ischemic changes in cell sample
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D. Abnormally high numbers of cells
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ANSWER

A



QUESTION 4 ga




The parents of a 4-year-
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old girl have sought care because their daughter has admitted to chewing and swallowin
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g imported toy figurines that have been determined to be made of lead. Which of the foll
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owing blood tests should the care team prioritize?
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A. White blood cell levels with differential
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B. Red blood cell levels and morphology
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C. Urea and creatinine levels
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D. Liver function panel
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ANSWER

B Lead -
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> anemia, RBC lysis You know it's not A because there is no infection involved. C is focused on kidney f
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unction while D is focused on liver function. Both of these would be important in the case of lead poiso
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ning BUT the priority answer is B, because you need first to address the most life-
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threatening patient needs. The little girl in this question can go into shock or suffer permanent organ d
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amage if her RBCs are low.
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QUESTION 5 ga




A patient with severe peripheral vascular disease has developed signs of dry gangrene o
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n the great toe of one foot. Which of the following pathophysiologic processes most likel
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y contributed to this diagnosis?
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A. Inappropriate activation of apoptosis
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B. Bacterial invasion
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C. Impaired arterial blood supply
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D. Metaplastic cellular changes
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ANSWER

B Remember that it's not C because to have gangrene, you must have infection
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QUESTION 6 ga




Although stress exposure initiates integrated responses by multiple systems, the most i
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mportant changes are first activated by which system?
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A. Pulmonary
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B. Gastrointestinal
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, C. Neuroendocrine
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D. Cardiovascular
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ANSWER

C



QUESTION 7 ga




Which manifestation of stress reflects the non-specific fight or flight response?
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A. Decreased pupillary light response
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B. Increased GI motility
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C. Decreased short-term memory
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D. Increased cardiopulmonary rates
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ANSWER

D This would fall under physiologic responses to stress!! Slide 25 in your lecture powerpoint
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QUESTION 8 ga




Stress-induced cortisol hormone secretion is associated with: ga ga ga ga ga ga



A. Increased growth hormone level
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B. Regulation of the stress response
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C. Increased thyroid-stimulating hormone
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D. Depressed adrenal gland function
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ANSWER

B You know it's not A because I mentioned in an earlier slide that growth hormone levels decrease wit
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h stress. We didn't mention thyroid-
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stimulating hormone as one of the ones associated with the stress repsonse so you can pretty much ass
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ume that's not right. And we know adrenal function is not depressed because ACTH from the anterior p
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ituitary stimulates the adrenal glands to release cortisol.
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QUESTION 9 ga




Which of the following factors are known to contribute to an individual's ability to adapt
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to stress? (Select all that apply.)
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A. Ethnicity
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B. Age ga



C. Socioeconomic status
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D. Gender ga



E. Health status
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ANSWER

B, C, D, E "Ability to adapt to stress" = mediating factors! Slide 28 of this powerpoint
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