NR 630 PAD PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS GRADED A+

What are the main components of the peripheral vascular system? - correct answers Arteries, veins, and lymphatics. What is arteriosclerosis? - correct answers A condition characterized by the hardening and narrowing of arteries due to plaque formation, leading to circulatory problems. What is the difference between arteriosclerosis and atherosclerosis? - correct answers Atherosclerosis is a specific type of arteriosclerosis involving plaque buildup in the arteries. What does PVD stand for? - correct answers Peripheral Vascular Disease. What are some conditions included under PVD? - correct answers Peripheral arterial disease (PAD), deep vein thrombosis (DVT), superficial thrombophlebitis, lymphedema, chronic venous insufficiency, and varicose veins. Which phenomenon is not classified as peripheral vascular disease? - correct answers Raynaud's phenomenon. What are the effects of pregnancy on peripheral vascular health? - correct answers Blood pressure decreases, and the enlarging uterus compresses the vena cava, impairing venous return. What risk factors increase the likelihood of developing PVD? - correct answers Age over 50, smoking, diabetes, excess weight, male gender, sedentary lifestyle, hypertension, high cholesterol, family history, and being of African-American descent. How common is PVD among people over 50? - correct answers It affects about 1 in 20 people, or approximately 8 million individuals in the US. What is intermittent claudication? - correct answers Pain in the legs or feet that occurs with walking and resolves within 10 minutes of resting. What are some symptoms of PAD? - correct answers Pain or swelling in extremities, coldness or numbness, non-healing sores, and erectile dysfunction. What does the pain, pallor, pulselessness triad indicate? - correct answers It suggests limb-threatening ischemia and requires prompt evaluation. What is the pitting edema scale? - correct answers A scale used to assess the severity of edema, ranging from 1+ (barely perceptible) to 4+ (greater than 30 seconds to rebound). What is the significance of Homan's sign? - correct answers It is a clinical sign that may indicate the presence of deep vein thrombosis (DVT). What are the two types of phlebitis? - correct answers Superficial phlebitis (inflammation of surface veins) and deep vein phlebitis (inflammation of deep veins). What is an aneurysm? - correct answers An abnormal dilation of an artery, often caused by weakening of the artery walls due to atherosclerosis. What are the classifications of acute limb ischemia? - correct answers Viable, threatened, and irreversible. What are some abnormal findings in a peripheral vascular assessment? - correct answers Raynaud's, thromboangiitis (Buerger Disease), lymphedema, chronic arterial insufficiency, venous ulcers, and compartment syndrome. What lifestyle modifications can help manage hypertension? - correct answers Dietary changes, increased physical activity, weight management, and smoking cessation. What is the purpose of auscultating for bruits during a physical exam? - correct answers To detect abnormal blood flow that may indicate vascular disease. What does the term 'DVT' stand for? - correct answers Deep Vein Thrombosis. What are the common symptoms of DVT? - correct answers Erythema, edema, and pain in the affected limb. What is the role of the EKG in assessing cardiovascular risk? - correct answers To check for evidence of end organ damage and cardiac arrhythmias. What does PAD stand for? - correct answers Peripheral Arterial Disease. What are the signs of chronic venous insufficiency? - correct answers Swelling, varicose veins, and stasis ulcers. What is the significance of measuring blood pressure in peripheral vascular assessment? - correct answers To assess cardiovascular health and id