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A patient has endured several dosage adjustments of his tricyclic antidepressant, so the
provider recommends genetic testing. Which statement correctly describes the rationale for
genetic testing?
a. The CYP2D6 gene influences metabolism of tricyclic antidepressants and certain other drugs.
b. The HER2 gene is a tumor marker that impacts metabolism of tricyclic antidepressants.
c. The BRCA2 gene influences metabolism of certain drugs and increases the risk for breast
cancer.
d. The x linked OPN1MW gene for male color blindness also slows metabolism of certain
a. The CYP2D6 gene influences metabolism of tricyclic antidepressants and certain other drugs.
HER2 is a gene often implicated with cancer, as is BRCA2. OPN1MW is the gene that codes for
color blindness in men. Metabolism of 25% of all prescribed drugs, including tricyclic
antidepressants, beta adrenergic receptor blockers, and neuroleptics, is influenced by variants
in a certain gene, requiring genetic testing to reduce trial-and-error in estimating appropriate
drug-dosage levels.
According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the 10 most costly chronic
conditions include cardiovascular diseases, obesity, asthma, diabetes, smoking and alcohol
related conditions, cancer, Alzheimer's disease, arthritis and stroke. Which are the top 4 in
ranking from most costly to least costly?
a. Cardiovascular diseases, obesity, diabetes, cancer
,b. Cardiovascular diseases, diabetes, obesity, cancer
c. Cardiovascular diseases, Smoking-related conditions, Alcohol-related conditions, diabetes
d. Cardiovascular diseases, Stroke, Obesity, Diabetes
c. Cardiovascular diseases, Smoking-related conditions, Alcohol-related conditions, diabetes
A mother brought her child to the doctor for genetic testing. The health care provider was trying
to explain the genetic results of the child. During his explanation he tells the mother that the
child has 2 X chromosomes and a Y chromosome in each cell. He begins to explain some
physical appearances the mother might notice on her son. He explains that she might notice
that he has sparse body hair, long limbs and small testes. The health care practitioner is
explaining which syndrome to the mother.
a. Klinefelter syndrome
b. Turners' syndrome
c. Down syndrome
d. Kawasaki's disease
a. Klinefelter syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome is an individual with at least 2 X chromosomes and a Y chromosome in
each cell. Because of the Y chromosome these individuals have a male appearance, but they are
usually sterile and about half develop female-like breasts.
A patient reports a maternal family history of Lynch syndrome. Which laboratory finding might
indicate a need for further testing for the presence of Lynch syndrome in this patient?
a. Elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone
, b. Low cortisol level
c. Positive heme-occult test
d. Sputum positive for Pseudomonas Aeruginosa
a. Positive heme-occult test
Positive heme-occult because Lynch syndrome is a hereditary form of colorectal cancer and
colorectal bleeding can be a sign of cancer
An individual's acquired immunity is dependent on the function of which cells? (Select all that
apply.)
a. B lymphocytes
b. Opsonins
c. T lymphocytes
d. Macrophages
a. B lymphocytes
c. T lymphocytes
d. Macrophages
T lymphocytes, B lymphocytes, macrophages, and dendritic cells are involved in acquired
immunity.
A 17-year-old female comes to the clinic for a physical exam. As part of the visit, the APRN
considers her risk factors for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Risk factors for T2DM would likely
include all of the following except: