NURS 516 ADVANCED NURSING PRACTICE
EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
2026
⏺ What information about nutrition does the nurse teach a client with
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? (Select all that apply.)
A) "Eat dry foods rather than wet foods, which are heavier."
B) "Increase carbohydrate intake for energy."
C) "Have about six small meals a day."
D) "Practice diaphragmatic breathing against resistance four times daily."
E) "Avoid drinking fluids just before and during meals."
F) "Eat high-fiber foods to promote gastric emptying."
G) "Rest before meals if you have dyspnea."? Answer:C, E, G
Fluids can make a client feel bloated and should be avoided with meals.
Resting before the meal will help a client with dyspnea. Six small meals a
day also will help to decrease bloating. Dry foods can cause coughing.
Fibrous foods can produce gas, which can cause abdominal bloating and
can increase shortness of breath. Diaphragmatic breathing will not
necessarily help nutrition.
⏺ Which person is at greatest risk for developing a community-acquired
pneumonia?
A) Young adult aerobics instructor who is a vegetarian
B) Middle-aged teacher who typically eats a diet of Asian foods
C) Older adult who smokes and has a substance abuse problem
D) Older adult with exercise-induced wheezing? Answer:C
Although age is a factor in the development of community-acquired
pneumonia, other lifestyle and exposure factors increase the risk to a
greater extent than age. Two conditions that heavily predispose to the
development of pneumonia are cigarette smoking and alcoholism. Dietary
choices typically do not predispose to the development of pneumonia.
Cigarette smoking interferes with the ciliary function of removal of invasive
, materials. Alcoholism usually results in unbalanced nutrition, as well as
decreased immune function. A middle-aged adult, an older adult with
wheezing induced by exercise, and a young adult vegetarian would not be
at risk for community-acquired pneumonia because they have no
predisposing conditions.
⏺ In order to provide the best intervention for a patient, the nurse is often
responsible for obtaining a sample of exudate for culture. This test will
identify:
A) what cells are being utilized by the body to attack an infection.
B) whether a patient has an infection.
C) where an infection is located.
D) what specific type of pathogen is causing an infection.? Answer:D
People can transmit pathogens even if they don't currently feel ill. Some
carriers never experience the full symptoms of a pathogen. A CBC will
identify that the patient has an infection. Inspection and radiography will
help identify where an infection is located. The CBC with differential will
identify the white blood cells being used by the body to fight an infection.
The culture will grow the microorganisms in the sample for identification of
the specific type of pathogen.
⏺ The nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing excessive bleeding
after receiving unfractionated heparin. What orders does the nurse
anticipate from the health care provider? (Select all that apply.)
A) Laboratory draw for prothrombin time (PT)/international normalized ratio
(INR)
B) Laboratory draw for activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
C) Administer enoxaparin (Lovenox)
D) Administer protamine sulfate
E) Administer vitamin K? Answer:B,D
Protamine sulfate is the antidote for heparin-induced bleeding. Vitamin K is
the antidote for warfarin. Warfarin (Coumadin) would increase bleeding.
Enoxaparin is another name for heparin.
⏺ A client with heart failure is prescribed enalapril (Vasotec). What is the
nurse's priority teaching for this client?
EXAM QUESTIONS AND VERIFIED ANSWERS
2026
⏺ What information about nutrition does the nurse teach a client with
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)? (Select all that apply.)
A) "Eat dry foods rather than wet foods, which are heavier."
B) "Increase carbohydrate intake for energy."
C) "Have about six small meals a day."
D) "Practice diaphragmatic breathing against resistance four times daily."
E) "Avoid drinking fluids just before and during meals."
F) "Eat high-fiber foods to promote gastric emptying."
G) "Rest before meals if you have dyspnea."? Answer:C, E, G
Fluids can make a client feel bloated and should be avoided with meals.
Resting before the meal will help a client with dyspnea. Six small meals a
day also will help to decrease bloating. Dry foods can cause coughing.
Fibrous foods can produce gas, which can cause abdominal bloating and
can increase shortness of breath. Diaphragmatic breathing will not
necessarily help nutrition.
⏺ Which person is at greatest risk for developing a community-acquired
pneumonia?
A) Young adult aerobics instructor who is a vegetarian
B) Middle-aged teacher who typically eats a diet of Asian foods
C) Older adult who smokes and has a substance abuse problem
D) Older adult with exercise-induced wheezing? Answer:C
Although age is a factor in the development of community-acquired
pneumonia, other lifestyle and exposure factors increase the risk to a
greater extent than age. Two conditions that heavily predispose to the
development of pneumonia are cigarette smoking and alcoholism. Dietary
choices typically do not predispose to the development of pneumonia.
Cigarette smoking interferes with the ciliary function of removal of invasive
, materials. Alcoholism usually results in unbalanced nutrition, as well as
decreased immune function. A middle-aged adult, an older adult with
wheezing induced by exercise, and a young adult vegetarian would not be
at risk for community-acquired pneumonia because they have no
predisposing conditions.
⏺ In order to provide the best intervention for a patient, the nurse is often
responsible for obtaining a sample of exudate for culture. This test will
identify:
A) what cells are being utilized by the body to attack an infection.
B) whether a patient has an infection.
C) where an infection is located.
D) what specific type of pathogen is causing an infection.? Answer:D
People can transmit pathogens even if they don't currently feel ill. Some
carriers never experience the full symptoms of a pathogen. A CBC will
identify that the patient has an infection. Inspection and radiography will
help identify where an infection is located. The CBC with differential will
identify the white blood cells being used by the body to fight an infection.
The culture will grow the microorganisms in the sample for identification of
the specific type of pathogen.
⏺ The nurse is caring for a client who is experiencing excessive bleeding
after receiving unfractionated heparin. What orders does the nurse
anticipate from the health care provider? (Select all that apply.)
A) Laboratory draw for prothrombin time (PT)/international normalized ratio
(INR)
B) Laboratory draw for activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
C) Administer enoxaparin (Lovenox)
D) Administer protamine sulfate
E) Administer vitamin K? Answer:B,D
Protamine sulfate is the antidote for heparin-induced bleeding. Vitamin K is
the antidote for warfarin. Warfarin (Coumadin) would increase bleeding.
Enoxaparin is another name for heparin.
⏺ A client with heart failure is prescribed enalapril (Vasotec). What is the
nurse's priority teaching for this client?
