MVU NURS 620 EXAM 2 COPD || 2025 LATEST UPDATED | COMPREHENSIVE QUESTIONS WITH 100%
RATED ANSWERS | GUARANTEED TO PASS!!
Question 1
Intermittent claudication is the classic presenting symptom associated with which of the
following conditions?
A) Chronic venous insufficiency
B) Deep vein thrombosis
C) Arterial insufficiency
D) Heart failure Stage B
E) Acute bronchitis
Correct Answer: C) arterial insufficiency
Rationale: Intermittent claudication is muscle pain that happens when you're active and
stops when you rest. It is a hallmark sign of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), reflecting the
inability of the arteries to supply enough oxygenated blood to the legs during exercise.
Question 2
Which of the following is considered the primary risk factor for the development of chronic
arterial insufficiency?
A) High fiber diet
B) Tobacco use
C) Female gender
D) Age less than 40
E) Exercise
Correct Answer: B) tobacco use
Rationale: Tobacco use is the most significant modifiable risk factor for peripheral arterial
disease. Nicotine and other chemicals in tobacco cause vasoconstriction and damage the
endothelium, accelerating atherosclerosis.
Question 3
A patient diagnosed with Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) has a CURB-65 score of 2.
What is the appropriate clinical management?
A) Treat at home with oral antibiotics
B) Emergency intubation
C) Short inpatient stay or very closely supervised outpatient treatment
D) Admission to the intensive care unit
E) No treatment needed, viral origin suspected
Correct Answer: C) Short inpatient stay; if she is relatively healthy, she could be closely
supervised outpatient
Rationale: The CURB-65 tool (Confusion, Urea, Respiratory Rate, Blood Pressure, Age >65)
assesses pneumonia severity. A score of 2 represents moderate risk, suggesting that
hospitalizing the patient briefly or providing rigorous outpatient follow-up is necessary.
, 2
Question 4
The clinical signs and symptoms of COPD most directly correlate with which underlying
pathological process?
A) Reversible bronchospasm
B) Acute alveolar collapse
C) Chronic bronchitis with airway obstruction
D) Fluid accumulation in the pleural space
E) Myocardial ischemia
Correct Answer: C) Chronic bronchitis with airway obstruction
Rationale: COPD is a progressive disease characterized by chronic airflow limitation. It
primarily involves chronic bronchitis (mucus production and airway inflammation) and
emphysema (destruction of alveoli), both leading to permanent airway obstruction.
Question 5
A patient with a history of asthma reports daily symptoms, night-time awakenings more than
once a week, and an FEV1 of 60–80% of the predicted value. How should this asthma be
classified?
A) Mild intermittent
B) Mild persistent
C) Moderate persistent
D) Severe persistent
E) Exercise-induced
Correct Answer: C) moderate persistent
Rationale: Moderate persistent asthma is defined by daily symptoms, nighttime awakenings
more than once a week (but not nightly), and an FEV1 or Peak Flow between 60% and
80% of predicted values.
Question 6
What is the most common bacterial pathogen responsible for Community-Acquired Pneumonia
(CAP)?
A) Mycoplasma pneumoniae
B) Staphylococcus aureus
C) Streptococcus pneumoniae
D) Haemophilus influenzae
E) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Correct Answer: C) Streptococcus PNA
Rationale: Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) remains the most common cause of
bacterial pneumonia globally, accounting for a significant percentage of CAP cases in all
age groups.
, 3
Question 7
Which of the following obstructive lung diseases is characterized by being reversible?
A) Emphysema
B) Chronic bronchitis
C) Asthma
D) Bronchiectasis
E) Cystic fibrosis
Correct Answer: C) asthma
Rationale: Unlike COPD (emphysema and chronic bronchitis), which involves permanent
lung damage and airflow limitation, asthma is defined by airway hyperresponsiveness and
bronchoconstriction that is typically reversible, either spontaneously or with treatment.
Question 8
George has COPD and an FEV1 of 40% predicted. Based on GOLD criteria, how would you
classify the severity of his disease?
A) Stage 1 (Mild)
B) Stage 2 (Moderate)
C) Stage 3 (Severe)
D) Stage 4 (Very Severe)
E) Stage 5 (End-stage)
Correct Answer: C) Stage 3
Rationale: According to the GOLD staging system for COPD, Stage 3 (Severe) is defined by
an FEV1 between 30% and 50% of the predicted value.
Question 9
Jason, age 62, has Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Which of the following is a significant
physical contributing factor for this diagnosis?
A) Resting heart rate of 60
B) Collar size of 17 inches or larger
C) Use of inhaled corticosteroids
D) Vegetarian diet
E) Height of 6 feet
Correct Answer: B) his collar size is 17 inches
Rationale: A large neck circumference (typically >17 inches in men and >16 inches in
women) is a major risk factor for OSA, as the increased soft tissue in the neck can
compress the airway during sleep.
Question 10
In a patient with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), which medication is recommended as first-line
antiplatelet therapy?
A) Warfarin
, 4
B) Lisinopril
C) Aspirin
D) Metoprolol
E) Furosemide
Correct Answer: C) Aspirin
Rationale: Low-dose aspirin (75–325 mg daily) is the gold standard for antiplatelet therapy
in CAD to prevent thrombus formation and reduce the risk of myocardial infarction.
Question 11
What is the primary desired therapeutic action of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in the
management of asthma?
A) Immediate bronchodilation
B) Reduction in airway inflammation
C) Suppression of the cough reflex in the brain
D) Thinning of pulmonary secretions
E) Killing bacterial pathogens
Correct Answer: B) reduction in airway inflammation
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids are "maintenance" medications. They do not dilate the
airways immediately; rather, they reduce the underlying swelling and mucus production in
the bronchioles over time.
Question 12
What is the appropriate first-line non-pharmacological treatment for a patient diagnosed with
chronic venous insufficiency?
A) Absolute bed rest
B) Daily use of elastic compression stockings
C) High-intensity weight lifting
D) Avoidance of all salt
E) Smoking more to increase circulation
Correct Answer: B) use of elastic stockings
Rationale: Chronic venous insufficiency results from valvular incompetence. Compression
stockings provide external pressure to support the vein walls and help move blood back
toward the heart, reducing edema and pain.
Question 13
Which pulmonary function test (PFT) measurement is most critical for diagnosing and
monitoring the severity of airflow obstruction in an asthma patient?
A) Total Lung Capacity (TLC)
B) Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1)
C) Residual Volume (RV)
D) Tidal Volume (TV)
RATED ANSWERS | GUARANTEED TO PASS!!
Question 1
Intermittent claudication is the classic presenting symptom associated with which of the
following conditions?
A) Chronic venous insufficiency
B) Deep vein thrombosis
C) Arterial insufficiency
D) Heart failure Stage B
E) Acute bronchitis
Correct Answer: C) arterial insufficiency
Rationale: Intermittent claudication is muscle pain that happens when you're active and
stops when you rest. It is a hallmark sign of peripheral arterial disease (PAD), reflecting the
inability of the arteries to supply enough oxygenated blood to the legs during exercise.
Question 2
Which of the following is considered the primary risk factor for the development of chronic
arterial insufficiency?
A) High fiber diet
B) Tobacco use
C) Female gender
D) Age less than 40
E) Exercise
Correct Answer: B) tobacco use
Rationale: Tobacco use is the most significant modifiable risk factor for peripheral arterial
disease. Nicotine and other chemicals in tobacco cause vasoconstriction and damage the
endothelium, accelerating atherosclerosis.
Question 3
A patient diagnosed with Community-Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) has a CURB-65 score of 2.
What is the appropriate clinical management?
A) Treat at home with oral antibiotics
B) Emergency intubation
C) Short inpatient stay or very closely supervised outpatient treatment
D) Admission to the intensive care unit
E) No treatment needed, viral origin suspected
Correct Answer: C) Short inpatient stay; if she is relatively healthy, she could be closely
supervised outpatient
Rationale: The CURB-65 tool (Confusion, Urea, Respiratory Rate, Blood Pressure, Age >65)
assesses pneumonia severity. A score of 2 represents moderate risk, suggesting that
hospitalizing the patient briefly or providing rigorous outpatient follow-up is necessary.
, 2
Question 4
The clinical signs and symptoms of COPD most directly correlate with which underlying
pathological process?
A) Reversible bronchospasm
B) Acute alveolar collapse
C) Chronic bronchitis with airway obstruction
D) Fluid accumulation in the pleural space
E) Myocardial ischemia
Correct Answer: C) Chronic bronchitis with airway obstruction
Rationale: COPD is a progressive disease characterized by chronic airflow limitation. It
primarily involves chronic bronchitis (mucus production and airway inflammation) and
emphysema (destruction of alveoli), both leading to permanent airway obstruction.
Question 5
A patient with a history of asthma reports daily symptoms, night-time awakenings more than
once a week, and an FEV1 of 60–80% of the predicted value. How should this asthma be
classified?
A) Mild intermittent
B) Mild persistent
C) Moderate persistent
D) Severe persistent
E) Exercise-induced
Correct Answer: C) moderate persistent
Rationale: Moderate persistent asthma is defined by daily symptoms, nighttime awakenings
more than once a week (but not nightly), and an FEV1 or Peak Flow between 60% and
80% of predicted values.
Question 6
What is the most common bacterial pathogen responsible for Community-Acquired Pneumonia
(CAP)?
A) Mycoplasma pneumoniae
B) Staphylococcus aureus
C) Streptococcus pneumoniae
D) Haemophilus influenzae
E) Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Correct Answer: C) Streptococcus PNA
Rationale: Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) remains the most common cause of
bacterial pneumonia globally, accounting for a significant percentage of CAP cases in all
age groups.
, 3
Question 7
Which of the following obstructive lung diseases is characterized by being reversible?
A) Emphysema
B) Chronic bronchitis
C) Asthma
D) Bronchiectasis
E) Cystic fibrosis
Correct Answer: C) asthma
Rationale: Unlike COPD (emphysema and chronic bronchitis), which involves permanent
lung damage and airflow limitation, asthma is defined by airway hyperresponsiveness and
bronchoconstriction that is typically reversible, either spontaneously or with treatment.
Question 8
George has COPD and an FEV1 of 40% predicted. Based on GOLD criteria, how would you
classify the severity of his disease?
A) Stage 1 (Mild)
B) Stage 2 (Moderate)
C) Stage 3 (Severe)
D) Stage 4 (Very Severe)
E) Stage 5 (End-stage)
Correct Answer: C) Stage 3
Rationale: According to the GOLD staging system for COPD, Stage 3 (Severe) is defined by
an FEV1 between 30% and 50% of the predicted value.
Question 9
Jason, age 62, has Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Which of the following is a significant
physical contributing factor for this diagnosis?
A) Resting heart rate of 60
B) Collar size of 17 inches or larger
C) Use of inhaled corticosteroids
D) Vegetarian diet
E) Height of 6 feet
Correct Answer: B) his collar size is 17 inches
Rationale: A large neck circumference (typically >17 inches in men and >16 inches in
women) is a major risk factor for OSA, as the increased soft tissue in the neck can
compress the airway during sleep.
Question 10
In a patient with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD), which medication is recommended as first-line
antiplatelet therapy?
A) Warfarin
, 4
B) Lisinopril
C) Aspirin
D) Metoprolol
E) Furosemide
Correct Answer: C) Aspirin
Rationale: Low-dose aspirin (75–325 mg daily) is the gold standard for antiplatelet therapy
in CAD to prevent thrombus formation and reduce the risk of myocardial infarction.
Question 11
What is the primary desired therapeutic action of inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) in the
management of asthma?
A) Immediate bronchodilation
B) Reduction in airway inflammation
C) Suppression of the cough reflex in the brain
D) Thinning of pulmonary secretions
E) Killing bacterial pathogens
Correct Answer: B) reduction in airway inflammation
Rationale: Inhaled corticosteroids are "maintenance" medications. They do not dilate the
airways immediately; rather, they reduce the underlying swelling and mucus production in
the bronchioles over time.
Question 12
What is the appropriate first-line non-pharmacological treatment for a patient diagnosed with
chronic venous insufficiency?
A) Absolute bed rest
B) Daily use of elastic compression stockings
C) High-intensity weight lifting
D) Avoidance of all salt
E) Smoking more to increase circulation
Correct Answer: B) use of elastic stockings
Rationale: Chronic venous insufficiency results from valvular incompetence. Compression
stockings provide external pressure to support the vein walls and help move blood back
toward the heart, reducing edema and pain.
Question 13
Which pulmonary function test (PFT) measurement is most critical for diagnosing and
monitoring the severity of airflow obstruction in an asthma patient?
A) Total Lung Capacity (TLC)
B) Forced Expiratory Volume (FEV1)
C) Residual Volume (RV)
D) Tidal Volume (TV)
