Galen College of Nursing NSG 3100; Gastrointestinal Worksheet Activity; Answered latest SP26-27.

Galen College of Nursing NSG 3100; Gastrointestinal Worksheet Activity; Answered latest SP26-27. Gastrointestinal Activity 1. The nurse has assessed that a patient’s stool has changed from brown to dark black and sticky. The nurse suspects: A. blockage of the bile duct. Brown stool when blocked B. blockage of the pancreatic duct. C. recent excessive intake of milk products. D. presence of occult blood. Upper GI bleed because acids broke down RBC and it ss travel. Lower GI is bright red stool 2. The nurse has documented that a patient has had two episodes of steatorrhea, which means that the character of the stool is: A. hard and clay colored. B. frothy and foul smelling. C. very liquid and streaked with blood. D. soft and filled with mucus. 3. The nurse should plan interventions to combat constipation in a patient: A. being treated for diabetes mellitus. B. who has a routine order for Metamucil. C. who just completed barium studies of the bowel. D. with orders to ambulate with assistance. 4. An older adult patient who routinely takes the bulk forming laxative psyllium (Metamucil) is counseled by the home health nurse that in order to prevent constipation and possible fecal impaction, this patient should be sure to take: A. extra vitamin C. B. a fat-soluble vitamin. C. the medication with a large amount of fluid. D. an over the counter antacid.5. A patient calls the nurse at the health clinic and reports that since his trip to Mexico, he has been experiencing diarrhea. The nurse suggests he try the antidiarrheal drug: A. docusate sodium (Colace). B. loperamide (Imodium). C. polycarbophil (FiberCon). D. senna (Senokot). 6. An older adult resident in a long-term care facility has experienced constant diarrhea for 3 days and is now exhibiting signs and symptoms of dehydration. The nurse initiates an intervention to offer small amounts of ________ frequently. A. a cola beverage B. ginger ale C. Gatorade putting back electrolytes D. Kool-Aid 7. A patient who has started antibiotic therapy is having diarrhea as a side effect of the medication. The nurse should encourage the patient to eat: A. yogurt. Good bacteria B. raisins. C. gelatin fruit flavored dessert (eg, Jell O). D. poultry. 8. The nurse caring for a patient with lactose intolerance would anticipate the need to offer interventions for: A. diarrhea. B. steatorrhea. C. constipation. D. hemorrhoid discomfort.9. A nurse has performed abdominal assessments on four patients. After reviewing the findings, the nurse is least concerned about problems with bowel elimination for the patient with: A. abdomen nondistended, firm, with hypoactive bowel sounds in all four quadrants. B. abdomen nondistended, soft, with active bowel sounds in all four quadrants. C. abdomen distended, firm, with hypoactive bowel sounds in all four quadrants. D. abdomen distended, soft, with hyperactive bowel sounds in all four quadrants. 10. A nurse is monitoring bowel elimination of a patient who has a history of constipation. The nurse implements measures to assist with bowel elimination if the patient has not had a bowel movement within how many days? A. 5 B. 3 C. 2 D. 1 11. A patient has just completed a series of upper gastrointestinal tract radiographs that involved the use of barium as a contrast agent. Which measure will this patient need to help excrete the barium? Diuretics is to get rid of urine. Barium comes out as feces. A. Diuretics and fluid restriction to 1.5 L B. Diuretics and fluid intake increased to 3.5 L C. Laxatives and fluid restriction to 1.5 L D. Laxatives and fluid intake increased to 3.5 L 12. An ambulatory clinic patient telephones to report diarrhea and to ask for advice on medication to manage it. The best response by the nurse is, “Do not use antidiarrheal medication for longer than: A. 24 hours without calling back for an appointment.” B. 48 hours without calling back for an appointment.” World C. 72 hours without calling back for an appointment.” D. 96 hours without calling back for an appointment.”13. There is an order to administer a cleansing enema to an adult patient before bowel surgery. The nurse will fill the enema bag with how many milliliters of fluid for this procedure? A. 500 to 1000 mL B. 300 to 500 mL C. 200 to 300 mL D. 50 to 150 mL 14. A patient who is badly constipated has just received an oil retention enema. The nurse encourages this patient to try to hold the enema for at least how long before trying to have a bowel movement? A. 10 minutes B. 15 minutes C. 20 minutes D. 40 minutes 15. A nurse is preparing a cleansing enema for an adult patient who is constipated and has not responded to laxative use. Before giving the enema, the nurse should: A. cool the solution to 70° F. B. warm the solution in the microwave. C. keep the solution at room temperature. D. warm the solution to 105° F. Anything less than room temp will cause cramping 16. A patient scheduled for bowel surgery has an order to receive enemas until clear. The nurse is aware that no more than three enemas should be given because: A. repeated enemas may cause more flatus. B. the patient may develop an irritated rectum. C. repeated enemas may cause electrolyte imbalance. Enemas cause diarrhea, which cause release of electrolytes. D. the patient may develop severe diarrhea. 17. A nurse is digitally removing a fecal impaction from a patient. The nurse should stop the procedure immediately and take corrective action if the patient’s: A. blood pressure increases from 110/84 to 118/88 mm Hg. B. pulse rate decreases from 78 to 52 beats/min. Abnormal and lead to faintingC. respiratory rate increases from 16 to 24 breaths/min. D. temperature increases from 98.8° F to 99.0° F. 18. A nurse is reinforcing education with a patient who will begin a bowel training program. An intervention this program does not include is: A. regularly scheduled time for toileting. B. fluid intake of at least 1500 mL daily. C. use of a suppository. D. use of an enema. This is not regular training or routine 19. A nurse is assisting a patient with a new continent ileostomy to catheterize the internal reservoir to drain the ileostomy. When the catheter meets resistance from the internal valve, the nurse should: A. have the patient take a deep breath and apply gentle pressure over the area. B. withdraw the catheter and start again with a new one. C. ask the patient to bear down and hold her breath. D. coat the opening with petroleum jelly or a water soluble lubricant. 20. A patient with a new colostomy should have the hole in the faceplate cut to allow _____ inch around the stoma. A. 1 1/4 B. 1 C. 1/2 D. 1/4 21. A nurse is caring for a patient who had bowel surgery 3 days ago and is now beginning to have a well-functioning ostomy. The ostomy drainage bag should be emptied whenever it is: A. one fourth full. B. one half full. Never wait for it to be full or ¾ because there is gas in the bag. C. three fourths full. D. full.22. A patient with a colostomy asks about foods that can be eaten that will reduce odor in the ostomy drainage bag. The most informative response by the nurse is to say that ostomy odor can be decreased with the intake of: A. buttermilk. The other 3 cause odor B. eggs. C. cucumbers. D. beans. 23. The nurse is caring for an anxious patient who is scheduled for surgery for colostomy placement. While the nurse is talking to the patient, the patient states, “I am so scared.” The nurse’s most supportive response would be: A. “Surgeries like yours are very safe.” B. “What about your colostomy scares you?” Acknowledge fear but want to know how nurse can alleviate fear. C. “Why are you scared?” D. “Sounds like someone has been telling you horror stories.” 24. The nurse reminds the patient that digestion of food is a complex process with much of the food breaking down in intestines. The small intestine functions to: A. reabsorb sodium and chlorides. B. propel waste material toward the anus. C. absorb food substances from the bloodstream. D. return water from the waste material to the bloodstream. 25. The nurse caring for a patient who had a colostomy 2 days ago assesses slight bleeding around the stoma when the area is cleansed, colostomy bag filled with gas, pale stoma, and a reddened area under the adhesive of the appliance. The assessment that should be reported immediately is the assessment pertaining to the: A. skin irritation. B. bleeding around the stoma. C. amount of gas in the bag. D. pale stoma. Stoma should be beefy, bright red26. The patient asks the nurse how an ileostomy differs from a colostomy. The most informative response by the nurse would be that: A. an ileostomy is performed to remove stool from the colon, whereas a colostomy is the removal of lower portions of bowel, diverting intestinal contents. B. an ileostomy has effluent that is more formed, whereas a colostomy has effluent that is liquid. C. a colostomy is an opening into the colon, whereas an ileostomy is an opening at the ileum. D. an ileostomy requires irrigating, whereas a colostomy requires catheterizing. 27. The patient with the new colostomy is concerned about how to control diarrhea of the effluent. The nurse suggests that diarrhea can be controlled by the intake of: A. cheese. Diary product has probiotic agent B. apple juice. C. raw vegetables. D. beams. 28. The nurse instructs the patient who has had an ileostomy to modify the diet to include: (Select all that apply.) A. increase the protein intake. B. choose foods that are high in calories. C. select foods that have a milk base. D. eat raw vegetables and fruits. E. include whole grain products in diet daily. 29. The nurse points out that age-related changes in the intestinal tract are relatively insignificant. The changes include: (Select all that apply.) A. atrophy of the villi in the small intestine. B. increased incidence of hemorrhoids. C. decreased absorption of fats and vitamin B12. D. creation of excessive flatus. E. decreased motility in the large intestine.30. The nurse instructs a patient with a new colostomy against eating food that may cause an obstruction. These foods include: (Select all that apply.) A. spicy foods. B. whole kernel corn. C. cucumbers. D. tomatoes. E. shrimp. 31. The gastrocolic reflex initiates ________. 32. The nurse assesses a pale, light gray stool and recognizes that the cause of this abnormal color is due to an obstruction in the _________ duct. 33. The nurse reminds a group of older adults that a colonoscopy is recommended every _______ year(s) after the age of 50.