PSY 2200 1-4 KEY EXAM QUESTIONS AND
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1. What is the primary focus of developmental psychology?
a) Treating mental illness in children
b) Studying physical, cognitive, and social changes across the
lifespan
c) Analyzing unconscious childhood conflicts
d) Measuring IQ in adults
Answer: b
Rationale: Developmental psychology examines how people
grow, change, and remain stable throughout life.
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2. Which theorist is known for the psychosexual stages of
development?
a) Erik Erikson
b) Jean Piaget
c) Sigmund Freud
d) Lev Vygotsky
Answer: c
Rationale: Freud proposed psychosexual stages (oral, anal,
phallic, latency, genital).
3. A researcher watches children on a playground and
records aggressive acts. This is an example of:
a) Naturalistic observation
b) Survey research
c) Case study
d) Experiment
Answer: a
Rationale: Naturalistic observation involves observing
behavior in real-world settings without manipulation.
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4. Which research design follows the same group of
individuals over many years?
a) Cross-sectional
b) Longitudinal
c) Sequential
d) Microgenetic
Answer: b
Rationale: Longitudinal studies track the same participants
across time.
5. Scenario: A researcher wants to know if parenting styles
differ between Gen X and Gen Z parents. She tests both
groups at one point in time. This is a:
a) Longitudinal study
b) Cross-sectional study
c) Experimental study
d) Case study
Answer: b
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Rationale: Cross-sectional design compares different age
cohorts at one time.
6. According to Erikson, the primary psychosocial task of
infancy is:
a) Autonomy vs. shame
b) Trust vs. mistrust
c) Initiative vs. guilt
d) Industry vs. inferiority
Answer: b
Rationale: Infants learn trust when caregivers provide reliable
care.
7. Who proposed the sociocultural theory emphasizing
guided participation?
a) Piaget
b) Vygotsky
c) Skinner
d) Bandura